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<p>This study pioneers an integrated route combining basic oxidized pellets, hydrogen reduction, and electric smelting to achieve efficient dephosphorization of high-phosphorus oolitic iron ore (HPOIO), producing low-P steel that meets industrial standards with near-zero direct CO<sub>2</sub> emissions. Under optimized hydrogen reduction conditions (950&#xa0;°C, 90 min, H<sub>2</sub> flow rate of 10 L/min), the metallization degree of reduced pellets exceeded 85&#xa0;pct across varying basicity levels, and further increased to &gt;92 pct when the basicity reached 2.0 or higher, indicating enhanced reducibility under high-basicity conditions. Subsequent treatment in an electric smelting furnace led to a marked reduction in the P content within the steel, decreasing from 0.63 to 0.027 pct as the basicity was elevated from 0.035 to 2.5. This change corresponded to a remarkable enhancement in dephosphorization efficiency, which improved from 0.04 to 95.08 pct, thereby meeting the phosphorus content requirements for ordinary steel. To decipher the dephosphorization mechanism, a detailed mineralogical analysis of the slag was conducted using EPMA and XPS, while the thermodynamics governing phosphorus removal into the slag phase during electric furnace smelting were rigorously interpreted using FactSage software. Mechanism analysis revealed that phosphorus-bearing Ca<sub>3</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub> combined with CaO–SiO<sub>2</sub> to form a solid solution incorporating FeO/MgO/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, precipitating a stable melilite phase. This phase kinetically hinders the interfacial reaction between phosphorus minerals and metallic iron and suppresses phosphorus transfer into the molten iron. This hydrogen-driven strategy demonstrates transformative potential for sustainable ironmaking by simultaneously addressing challenges in resource utilization and decarbonization.</p>

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Hydrogen Reduction-Electric Furnace Melting Separation Process and Dephosphorization Mechanism of Basic Oxidized Pellets Prepared from High-Phosphorus Oolitic Magnetite Concentrate

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月24日

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  • Mengjie Hu,
  • Deqing Zhu,
  • Jian Pan,
  • Siwei Li

摘要

This study pioneers an integrated route combining basic oxidized pellets, hydrogen reduction, and electric smelting to achieve efficient dephosphorization of high-phosphorus oolitic iron ore (HPOIO), producing low-P steel that meets industrial standards with near-zero direct CO2 emissions. Under optimized hydrogen reduction conditions (950 °C, 90 min, H2 flow rate of 10 L/min), the metallization degree of reduced pellets exceeded 85 pct across varying basicity levels, and further increased to >92 pct when the basicity reached 2.0 or higher, indicating enhanced reducibility under high-basicity conditions. Subsequent treatment in an electric smelting furnace led to a marked reduction in the P content within the steel, decreasing from 0.63 to 0.027 pct as the basicity was elevated from 0.035 to 2.5. This change corresponded to a remarkable enhancement in dephosphorization efficiency, which improved from 0.04 to 95.08 pct, thereby meeting the phosphorus content requirements for ordinary steel. To decipher the dephosphorization mechanism, a detailed mineralogical analysis of the slag was conducted using EPMA and XPS, while the thermodynamics governing phosphorus removal into the slag phase during electric furnace smelting were rigorously interpreted using FactSage software. Mechanism analysis revealed that phosphorus-bearing Ca3(PO4)2 combined with CaO–SiO2 to form a solid solution incorporating FeO/MgO/Al2O3, precipitating a stable melilite phase. This phase kinetically hinders the interfacial reaction between phosphorus minerals and metallic iron and suppresses phosphorus transfer into the molten iron. This hydrogen-driven strategy demonstrates transformative potential for sustainable ironmaking by simultaneously addressing challenges in resource utilization and decarbonization.