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<p>In the present paper, the size and thermal stability of manganese sulfide (MnS) inclusions and austenite grain growth are investigated during the heat treatment process for two gear steels with different Mn and S element contents. The results show that the MnS inclusions have good thermal stability and begin to dissolve at the heating temperatures above 1100&#xa0;°C. The MnS particles in Steel A with higher Mn and S contents are smaller in size and larger in number density than those in Steel B, which has stronger pinning effects, resulting in finer grain size in Steel A. From HT-CSLM observation, the MnS particles at joint point of the boundaries of multiple grain and MnS particles located at a single grain boundary have the main pinning effect on the migration of grain boundaries. As the heating temperature increases, the difference in grain size between the two steels becomes larger and the grain size of Steel A with higher Mn and S content is much smaller than that of Steel B.</p>

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Pinning Effect and Evolution Law of MnS Inclusions on Austenite Grain Growth in Gear Steel

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月19日

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  • Zhipeng Dai,
  • Zhishun Yang,
  • Qingsong Zhang,
  • Qing Yin,
  • Liang Wang,
  • Jian Yang

摘要

In the present paper, the size and thermal stability of manganese sulfide (MnS) inclusions and austenite grain growth are investigated during the heat treatment process for two gear steels with different Mn and S element contents. The results show that the MnS inclusions have good thermal stability and begin to dissolve at the heating temperatures above 1100 °C. The MnS particles in Steel A with higher Mn and S contents are smaller in size and larger in number density than those in Steel B, which has stronger pinning effects, resulting in finer grain size in Steel A. From HT-CSLM observation, the MnS particles at joint point of the boundaries of multiple grain and MnS particles located at a single grain boundary have the main pinning effect on the migration of grain boundaries. As the heating temperature increases, the difference in grain size between the two steels becomes larger and the grain size of Steel A with higher Mn and S content is much smaller than that of Steel B.