<p>A new model for description of creep in porous single crystal superalloys is presented. Key in the formulation is the use of a 3-D inelastic threshold function that accounts for both tension–compression asymmetry and anisotropy. Analysis of the response according to the new model is conducted for uniaxial, equibiaxial, and multiaxial creep loadings for various crystal orientations. Specifically, under multiaxial loadings, the predicted response is investigated for various loadings with principal directions along the <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\langle {1}00\rangle ;\;\langle {11}0\rangle ,\;\langle {111}\rangle\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">⟨</mo> <mn>100</mn> <mo stretchy="false">⟩</mo> <mo>;</mo> <mspace width="0.277778em" /> <mo stretchy="false">⟨</mo> <mn>110</mn> <mo stretchy="false">⟩</mo> <mo>,</mo> <mspace width="0.277778em" /> <mo stretchy="false">⟨</mo> <mn>111</mn> <mo stretchy="false">⟩</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> directions, having the same mean stress and stress triaxiality, but different ratios between the stress eigenvalues, corresponding to Lode parameter ranging from − 1 &lt; <InlineEquation ID="IEq2"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mu\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>μ</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> &lt; 1. It is revealed a pronounced sensitivity of the creep strain to the applied loading, showing a combined effect of anisotropy and tension–compression asymmetry. Namely, if the principal stresses are applied along the <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\langle {1}00\rangle\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">⟨</mo> <mn>100</mn> <mo stretchy="false">⟩</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> directions or along the [110], <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\left[\overline{1 }10\right]\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mfenced close="]" open="["> <mover> <mn>1</mn> <mo>¯</mo> </mover> <mn>10</mn> </mfenced> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, [001] directions, there is a strong influence of the Lode parameter, the minimum creep strain being obtained for loadings with <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mu\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>μ</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> =  − 1, and maximum creep strain for loadings with <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\mu\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mi>μ</mi> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> = 1. In contrast, when the principal stresses are applied along the [111], <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\left[\overline{1 }2\overline{1 }\right]\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mfenced close="]" open="["> <mover> <mn>1</mn> <mo>¯</mo> </mover> <mn>2</mn> <mover> <mn>1</mn> <mo>¯</mo> </mover> </mfenced> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\left[\overline{1 }01\right]\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mfenced close="]" open="["> <mover> <mn>1</mn> <mo>¯</mo> </mover> <mn>01</mn> </mfenced> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> directions, the influence of the Lode parameter and loading path on the creep strain is markedly reduced.</p>

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Effect of Anisotropy on Creep Strain and Porosity Evolution in Single Crystal Superalloys

  • Benoit Revil-Baudard,
  • Oana Cazacu

摘要

A new model for description of creep in porous single crystal superalloys is presented. Key in the formulation is the use of a 3-D inelastic threshold function that accounts for both tension–compression asymmetry and anisotropy. Analysis of the response according to the new model is conducted for uniaxial, equibiaxial, and multiaxial creep loadings for various crystal orientations. Specifically, under multiaxial loadings, the predicted response is investigated for various loadings with principal directions along the \(\langle {1}00\rangle ;\;\langle {11}0\rangle ,\;\langle {111}\rangle\) 100 ; 110 , 111 directions, having the same mean stress and stress triaxiality, but different ratios between the stress eigenvalues, corresponding to Lode parameter ranging from − 1 <  \(\mu\) μ  < 1. It is revealed a pronounced sensitivity of the creep strain to the applied loading, showing a combined effect of anisotropy and tension–compression asymmetry. Namely, if the principal stresses are applied along the \(\langle {1}00\rangle\) 100 directions or along the [110], \(\left[\overline{1 }10\right]\) 1 ¯ 10 , [001] directions, there is a strong influence of the Lode parameter, the minimum creep strain being obtained for loadings with \(\mu\) μ  =  − 1, and maximum creep strain for loadings with \(\mu\) μ  = 1. In contrast, when the principal stresses are applied along the [111], \(\left[\overline{1 }2\overline{1 }\right]\) 1 ¯ 2 1 ¯ , \(\left[\overline{1 }01\right]\) 1 ¯ 01 directions, the influence of the Lode parameter and loading path on the creep strain is markedly reduced.