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<p>The accurate differentiation and quantification of bainite and martensite are crucial for understanding the microstructure–property relationships of the third-generation advanced high-strength steels, where these phases are frequently present. To address this challenge, several methods, such as metallography and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), have been employed. However, the limited fields of view in these techniques often hinder the ability to obtain statistically representative results for the entire material. In this work, microstructures with varying amounts of bainite and martensite in a medium-carbon bainitic steel have been produced through isothermal treatments. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was employed, utilizing Rietveld refinement phase differentiation and quantification, wherein two basic assumptions were made, <i>i.e.</i>, (1) the lattice parameter of bainite remained constant during the isothermal treatment, and (2) only the lattice parameter <i>c</i> of martensite varied with the change in carbon content. The results obtained from XRD analysis were compared with those from metallography, dilatometric curves, and EBSD, which demonstrates the feasibility and effectiveness of the developed method.</p>

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Differentiation and Quantification of Bainite and Martensite in Medium-Carbon Bainitic Steel

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月9日

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  • Naiyou Xiao,
  • Yuqi Liu,
  • Jianhua Zhou,
  • Tao Jia

摘要

The accurate differentiation and quantification of bainite and martensite are crucial for understanding the microstructure–property relationships of the third-generation advanced high-strength steels, where these phases are frequently present. To address this challenge, several methods, such as metallography and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), have been employed. However, the limited fields of view in these techniques often hinder the ability to obtain statistically representative results for the entire material. In this work, microstructures with varying amounts of bainite and martensite in a medium-carbon bainitic steel have been produced through isothermal treatments. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was employed, utilizing Rietveld refinement phase differentiation and quantification, wherein two basic assumptions were made, i.e., (1) the lattice parameter of bainite remained constant during the isothermal treatment, and (2) only the lattice parameter c of martensite varied with the change in carbon content. The results obtained from XRD analysis were compared with those from metallography, dilatometric curves, and EBSD, which demonstrates the feasibility and effectiveness of the developed method.