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<p>The cementite coarsening and ferrite grain growth during soft-annealing of a cold-rolled ferrite-pearlite microstructure was observed in an Fe−0.27&#xa0;mass&#xa0;pct C alloy. The spatial size distributions of cementite particles (PSD) and ferrite grains (GSD) were derived by the Schwartz–Saltykov diameter analysis taking the possible difference in the distributions of particle cross-sectional areas between the polish and etch planes into account. The coarsening of intragranular and grain boundary cementite particles was simulated coupling the growth rate equation with the continuity equation under the assumption that all particles coarsened by volume diffusion; the contribution of carbon diffusion along the grain boundary to coarsening did not appear to be significant. The volume fraction of grain boundary particles increased due to the trapping of particles by migrating grain boundaries, but the increase was smaller than the increase by the mass transfer during coarsening. It seems that more than 80&#xa0;pct of the total grain boundary area was immobile due to strong pinning forces. Impurity elements on the order of 100&#xa0;ppm are likely to reduce ferrite grain boundary mobility by 3–4 orders of magnitude.</p>

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Simulation of Cementite Coarsening and Ferrite Grain Growth During Annealing in a Cold-Rolled Plain Medium Carbon Steel

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月5日

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  • Masato Enomoto,
  • Koutarou Hayashi

摘要

The cementite coarsening and ferrite grain growth during soft-annealing of a cold-rolled ferrite-pearlite microstructure was observed in an Fe−0.27 mass pct C alloy. The spatial size distributions of cementite particles (PSD) and ferrite grains (GSD) were derived by the Schwartz–Saltykov diameter analysis taking the possible difference in the distributions of particle cross-sectional areas between the polish and etch planes into account. The coarsening of intragranular and grain boundary cementite particles was simulated coupling the growth rate equation with the continuity equation under the assumption that all particles coarsened by volume diffusion; the contribution of carbon diffusion along the grain boundary to coarsening did not appear to be significant. The volume fraction of grain boundary particles increased due to the trapping of particles by migrating grain boundaries, but the increase was smaller than the increase by the mass transfer during coarsening. It seems that more than 80 pct of the total grain boundary area was immobile due to strong pinning forces. Impurity elements on the order of 100 ppm are likely to reduce ferrite grain boundary mobility by 3–4 orders of magnitude.