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<p>Vibration assisted forming is widely used in the plastic forming of metals due to its advantages of reducing forming force and improving forming quality. Low-frequency vibration was superimposed during the uniaxial tensile tests of 316 stainless steel in this study, and the mechanical performance was obtained. The results indicate that softening effects occur during the low-frequency vibration assisted tension (LFVAT) compared to the conventional tension at the same strain. And the softening effects include the vibration softening effect and the residual softening effect. According to microstructure characterization, an increase in the easy-to-deform grains with orientation close to <InlineEquation ID="IEq1"> <InlineMediaObject> <ImageObject Color="BlackWhite" FileRef="11661_2025_7715_Article_IEq1.gif" Format="GIF" Height="19" Rendition="HTML" Resolution="72" Type="Linedraw" Width="43" /> </InlineMediaObject> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\langle 001\rangle\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo stretchy="false">⟨</mo> <mn>001</mn> <mo stretchy="false">⟩</mo> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> along the tensile direction is promoted in LFVAF. In addition, the proliferation of dislocations after the superposition of vibration increases the mobile dislocations density and the slip of dislocations is promoted, result in softening effects. Finally, a dislocation-based vibration-plastic constitutive model for 316 stainless steel was constructed by combining mechanical properties and microstructure evolution in LFVAT. Accurate prediction of softening effects, dislocation density, and grain size of 316 stainless steel during the entire low-frequency vibration assisted tensile process has been achieved.</p>

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Softening Effects of 316 Stainless Steel in Low-Frequency Vibration Assisted Tension: Experiments and Modelling

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月19日

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  • Qi Li,
  • Wen Zhang,
  • Xincun Zhuang,
  • Han Sun,
  • Zhen Zhao

摘要

Vibration assisted forming is widely used in the plastic forming of metals due to its advantages of reducing forming force and improving forming quality. Low-frequency vibration was superimposed during the uniaxial tensile tests of 316 stainless steel in this study, and the mechanical performance was obtained. The results indicate that softening effects occur during the low-frequency vibration assisted tension (LFVAT) compared to the conventional tension at the same strain. And the softening effects include the vibration softening effect and the residual softening effect. According to microstructure characterization, an increase in the easy-to-deform grains with orientation close to \(\langle 001\rangle\) ⟨ 001 ⟩ along the tensile direction is promoted in LFVAF. In addition, the proliferation of dislocations after the superposition of vibration increases the mobile dislocations density and the slip of dislocations is promoted, result in softening effects. Finally, a dislocation-based vibration-plastic constitutive model for 316 stainless steel was constructed by combining mechanical properties and microstructure evolution in LFVAT. Accurate prediction of softening effects, dislocation density, and grain size of 316 stainless steel during the entire low-frequency vibration assisted tensile process has been achieved.