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<p>While geogenic processes are believed to be an important contributor to heavy metals in topsoil, notably cadmium (Cd), an understanding of heavy metal constraints from geological formations is hindered due to a lack of large-scale soil geochemical data. Addressing this, our study analyzed 15,181 topsoil samples (0–20 cm) collected from the Sichuan Basin, southwestern China, covering ~25,500 km<sup>2</sup> of land. The results indicate that geogenic Cd is more concentrated in the topsoil of the Middle-Upper Permian (P<sub>2-3</sub>, ~1.07 mg/kg) despite regional outcrops from Cambrian (Ꞓ<sub>2-3</sub>, 0.52&#xa0;mg/kg) to Quaternary (Q<sub>p</sub>, 0.29 mg/kg) strata. We assume that the Emeishan basaltic lava that erupted in the Late Permian (P<sub>3</sub><i>e</i>) in southwest China is an understudied factor. This erupted lava probably provided essential elements and heat necessary for heavy metal accumulation in a preferred sea–continental and marine environment, eventually facilitating leaching and diffusion of the metals. Ultimately, geological exposure and pedogenesis led to elevated metals in the topsoil of P<sub>2-3</sub> strata.</p>

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Emeishan basalt’s contribution to heavy metals in topsoil (notably cadmium) in Southwest China from soil geochemistry evidence

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月5日

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  • Fang Yang,
  • Liang Tang,
  • Yang Li,
  • Bo Cheng,
  • Tim T. Werner,
  • Lingfei Qu,
  • Ke Cheng,
  • Aiming Zhang,
  • Junbo Wang,
  • Guikai Li

摘要

While geogenic processes are believed to be an important contributor to heavy metals in topsoil, notably cadmium (Cd), an understanding of heavy metal constraints from geological formations is hindered due to a lack of large-scale soil geochemical data. Addressing this, our study analyzed 15,181 topsoil samples (0–20 cm) collected from the Sichuan Basin, southwestern China, covering ~25,500 km2 of land. The results indicate that geogenic Cd is more concentrated in the topsoil of the Middle-Upper Permian (P2-3, ~1.07 mg/kg) despite regional outcrops from Cambrian (Ꞓ2-3, 0.52 mg/kg) to Quaternary (Qp, 0.29 mg/kg) strata. We assume that the Emeishan basaltic lava that erupted in the Late Permian (P3e) in southwest China is an understudied factor. This erupted lava probably provided essential elements and heat necessary for heavy metal accumulation in a preferred sea–continental and marine environment, eventually facilitating leaching and diffusion of the metals. Ultimately, geological exposure and pedogenesis led to elevated metals in the topsoil of P2-3 strata.