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<p>Nanophase iron particles (np-Fe<sup>0</sup>) have multiple formation mechanisms in lunar soil, which are mostly related to meteorite and micrometeorite impacts. Thermal modification of the impact is critical. Metal oxides have unique chemical and physical properties that allow np-Fe<sup>0</sup> to form at a lower initial reaction temperature. Through the in-situ heating experiment of ilmenite in the Chang’e-5 sample, it was found that ilmenite can form np-Fe<sup>0</sup> at 400&#xa0;°C under high vacuum (10<sup>–6</sup>&#xa0;Pa). This fills in the missing information on the lowest measured temperature at which ilmenite forms np-Fe<sup>0</sup>. At 400–800&#xa0;°C, only np-Fe<sup>0</sup> and vesicles were formed without new Ti-rich minerals. At the same time, thermodynamic calculations showed that decomposition of ilmenite occurs in two stages. The experiments correspond to the initial stage of ilmenite thermal decomposition under high vacuum. The study explains the thermal decomposition reaction of ilmenite in a vacuum environment, provides a reference for the minimum measured temperature required for the formation of np-Fe<sup>0</sup>, and further improves the formation mechanism of np-Fe<sup>0</sup>.</p>

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Minimum measured temperature at which np-Fe0 forms in ilmenite of lunar soil: Evidence from in-situ TEM heating experiments

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月3日

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  • Ziyan Qin,
  • Yang Li,
  • Chen Li,
  • Ronghua Pang,
  • Yuanyun Wen,
  • Rui Li,
  • Zixuan Han,
  • Wenhui Ma,
  • Xiongyao Li,
  • Jianzhong Liu

摘要

Nanophase iron particles (np-Fe0) have multiple formation mechanisms in lunar soil, which are mostly related to meteorite and micrometeorite impacts. Thermal modification of the impact is critical. Metal oxides have unique chemical and physical properties that allow np-Fe0 to form at a lower initial reaction temperature. Through the in-situ heating experiment of ilmenite in the Chang’e-5 sample, it was found that ilmenite can form np-Fe0 at 400 °C under high vacuum (10–6 Pa). This fills in the missing information on the lowest measured temperature at which ilmenite forms np-Fe0. At 400–800 °C, only np-Fe0 and vesicles were formed without new Ti-rich minerals. At the same time, thermodynamic calculations showed that decomposition of ilmenite occurs in two stages. The experiments correspond to the initial stage of ilmenite thermal decomposition under high vacuum. The study explains the thermal decomposition reaction of ilmenite in a vacuum environment, provides a reference for the minimum measured temperature required for the formation of np-Fe0, and further improves the formation mechanism of np-Fe0.