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<p>Extreme weather and natural disasters have plagued people for a long time, and ensuring power source provision in such emergency situations is an urgent problem that needs to be solved. Combustion powered thermoelectric generator (CPTEG) is a promising solution to the power supply problem in off-grid areas and under emergency conditions. Adding hydrogen into the fuel is one of the effective ways to reduce carbon dioxide in the context of “Emission Peak” and “Carbon Neutrality”. In this study, the feasibility of the blended propane-hydrogen to power up a CPTEG is investigated, filling a research gap of standalone hydrogen CPTEG with an input power of kilowatt level. The combustion characteristics and the CPTEG performance at different hydrogen ratios (0%–50%) were investigated, including the combustion temperature, hot-/cold-end temperatures, electric power, thermoelectric efficiency (electric power related to the heat flow rate passing through the thermoelectric module), systematic efficiency, and system effectiveness (EFS). Experimental results showed that the combustion is stable and a blue flame is anchored when the hydrogen ratio is less than 45% under the input power of 800 W, whereas the combustion becomes unstable and a bright yellow flame is detected when the hydrogen ratio exceeds 45%. The hydrogen addition considerably affects the CPTEG performance. The electric power is decreased by 13.0% (3.8 W) under the hydrogen ratio of 45% compared to that generated by burning pure propane when the input power is 800 W. The hydrogen addition impacts the combustion characteristics of CPTEG. The combustion stability has been improved, which is contributed by the reduced coefficient of variation. It is found that the standard deviation (SD) and coefficient of variation (COV) of flame temperature both sharply decreased by 66.8% under the hydrogen ratio of 45%. In addition, the hydrogen addition impact the carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas of CPTEG, and the CO<sub>2</sub> concentration decreased by 11.5% under the hydrogen ratio of 45%. Furthermore, the total electric power and thermoelectric efficiency of the developed CPTEG are 32.4 W and 3.24%, respectively.</p>

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Impact of Hydrogen on the Performance of a Gas-Fired Thermoelectric Generator

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月13日

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  • Qiangsheng Li,
  • Guoneng Li,
  • Youqu Zheng,
  • Yan Xiao,
  • Shaojun Liu,
  • Wenwen Guo,
  • Yuanjun Tang

摘要

Extreme weather and natural disasters have plagued people for a long time, and ensuring power source provision in such emergency situations is an urgent problem that needs to be solved. Combustion powered thermoelectric generator (CPTEG) is a promising solution to the power supply problem in off-grid areas and under emergency conditions. Adding hydrogen into the fuel is one of the effective ways to reduce carbon dioxide in the context of “Emission Peak” and “Carbon Neutrality”. In this study, the feasibility of the blended propane-hydrogen to power up a CPTEG is investigated, filling a research gap of standalone hydrogen CPTEG with an input power of kilowatt level. The combustion characteristics and the CPTEG performance at different hydrogen ratios (0%–50%) were investigated, including the combustion temperature, hot-/cold-end temperatures, electric power, thermoelectric efficiency (electric power related to the heat flow rate passing through the thermoelectric module), systematic efficiency, and system effectiveness (EFS). Experimental results showed that the combustion is stable and a blue flame is anchored when the hydrogen ratio is less than 45% under the input power of 800 W, whereas the combustion becomes unstable and a bright yellow flame is detected when the hydrogen ratio exceeds 45%. The hydrogen addition considerably affects the CPTEG performance. The electric power is decreased by 13.0% (3.8 W) under the hydrogen ratio of 45% compared to that generated by burning pure propane when the input power is 800 W. The hydrogen addition impacts the combustion characteristics of CPTEG. The combustion stability has been improved, which is contributed by the reduced coefficient of variation. It is found that the standard deviation (SD) and coefficient of variation (COV) of flame temperature both sharply decreased by 66.8% under the hydrogen ratio of 45%. In addition, the hydrogen addition impact the carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas of CPTEG, and the CO2 concentration decreased by 11.5% under the hydrogen ratio of 45%. Furthermore, the total electric power and thermoelectric efficiency of the developed CPTEG are 32.4 W and 3.24%, respectively.