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<p><i>Eclipta alba</i> (L.) Hassk. is a medicinally important plant, known for its pharmacologically valuable bioactive secondary metabolites, particularly wedelolactone, flavonoids, and phenolic acids. The present study investigated the effect of biosynthesized copper oxide (CuO) and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) on <i>E. alba in vitro</i> cultures supplemented with different concentrations (0.0, 2.0, 4.0, 6.0, 8.0, 10.0, and 12.0&#xa0;mg L⁻<sup>1</sup>). Both nanoparticle types exhibited concentration-dependent biphasic responses across all evaluated parameters with optimal stimulatory effects at 8&#xa0;mg L⁻<sup>1</sup>. At this concentration, CuO nanoparticles enhanced fresh weight (4.1-fold), dry weight (5.9-fold), total phenolic content (TPC; 7.4-fold), total flavonoid content (TFC; 2.3-fold), total antioxidant capacity (TAC; 4.5-fold), total reducing power (TRP; 6.1-fold), and total protein content (2.8-fold), while ZnO NPs produced comparable enhancements of fresh weight (3.9-fold), dry weight (5.3-fold), TPC (7.7-fold) and TFC (2.6-fold), TAC (4.6-fold), TRP (6.4-fold), and total protein content (2.1-fold) relative to control. Maximum DPPH radical scavenging activity (96.85% CuO, 94.61 ZnO) was recorded at 10&#xa0;mg L⁻<sup>1</sup>. Concentrations exceeding 10&#xa0;mg L⁻<sup>1</sup> resulted in significant reductions across all parameters, indicating phytotoxicity. These findings demonstrate that biosynthesized CuO and ZnO nanoparticles function as effective abiotic elicitors of secondary metabolite production in <i>E. alba</i> tissue cultures by inducing controlled oxidative stress. This study establishes a promising and scalable biotechnological strategy for the enhanced production of pharmaceutically valuable phytochemicals from <i>E. alba</i> cultures. Further investigations are required to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying nanoparticle plant interactions and to evaluate the potential environmental and health implications associated with nanoparticle application.</p>

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Copper oxide and zinc oxide nanoparticle-mediated elicitation of biomass and phytochemicals in Eclipta alba (L.) Hassk. tissue cultures: a sustainable biotechnological approach

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月24日

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  • Nisha Swami,
  • Suchita Taxak,
  • Poonam Yadav,
  • Rakshita Malik,
  • Anita Rani Sehrawat

摘要

Eclipta alba (L.) Hassk. is a medicinally important plant, known for its pharmacologically valuable bioactive secondary metabolites, particularly wedelolactone, flavonoids, and phenolic acids. The present study investigated the effect of biosynthesized copper oxide (CuO) and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) on E. alba in vitro cultures supplemented with different concentrations (0.0, 2.0, 4.0, 6.0, 8.0, 10.0, and 12.0 mg L⁻1). Both nanoparticle types exhibited concentration-dependent biphasic responses across all evaluated parameters with optimal stimulatory effects at 8 mg L⁻1. At this concentration, CuO nanoparticles enhanced fresh weight (4.1-fold), dry weight (5.9-fold), total phenolic content (TPC; 7.4-fold), total flavonoid content (TFC; 2.3-fold), total antioxidant capacity (TAC; 4.5-fold), total reducing power (TRP; 6.1-fold), and total protein content (2.8-fold), while ZnO NPs produced comparable enhancements of fresh weight (3.9-fold), dry weight (5.3-fold), TPC (7.7-fold) and TFC (2.6-fold), TAC (4.6-fold), TRP (6.4-fold), and total protein content (2.1-fold) relative to control. Maximum DPPH radical scavenging activity (96.85% CuO, 94.61 ZnO) was recorded at 10 mg L⁻1. Concentrations exceeding 10 mg L⁻1 resulted in significant reductions across all parameters, indicating phytotoxicity. These findings demonstrate that biosynthesized CuO and ZnO nanoparticles function as effective abiotic elicitors of secondary metabolite production in E. alba tissue cultures by inducing controlled oxidative stress. This study establishes a promising and scalable biotechnological strategy for the enhanced production of pharmaceutically valuable phytochemicals from E. alba cultures. Further investigations are required to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying nanoparticle plant interactions and to evaluate the potential environmental and health implications associated with nanoparticle application.