Effect of meta-topolin on the in vitro propagation of Vanilla planifolia Jacks. in RITA® systems
摘要
The in vitro propagation of vanilla (Vanilla planifolia Jacks.) has emerged as a highly significant biotechnological tool for the establishment of field plantations of this crop. Numerous efforts have been undertaken to develop an optimal protocol that maximizes both the multiplication coefficient and the survival rate of in vitro derived plants. However, existing protocols are still being refined and improved. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of meta-topolin (mT) on micropropagation of V. planifolia in the RITA® system. For this purpose, in vitro vanilla shoots were transferred to Murashige and Skoog (MS) culture medium that was supplemented with varying concentrations of mT (0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mg L⁻1). Two distinct culture systems were assessed: (1) the semi-solid system using 2.5 g L⁻1 of Phytagel and (2) the RITA® temporary immersion system with liquid medium and an immersion frequency of 2 min every 4, 8, or 12 h, with the specific frequency optimized in the experiment. After 45-d of culture, morphological and physiological variables were evaluated. Subsequently, the regenerated plants were acclimatized under greenhouse conditions. An increase in the number of shoots was observed in the RITA® system compared to the semi-solid system. Specifically, the addition of 1.0 mg L⁻1 mT in RITA®, with an immersion frequency of 2 min every 8 h, resulted in a maximum average of 28.35 shoots per explant, whereas only 5.63 shoots per explant were obtained with 1.0 mg L⁻1 mT in the semi-solid system. Regarding photosynthetic pigment content, an increase was noted in plants derived from the RITA® system compared to those from the semi-solid medium. As for the acclimatization rate, 85% was achieved without the need for an in vitro rooting phase. This protocol represented a viable alternative for the micropropagation of vanilla aimed at generating propagules for the establishment of commercial plantations.