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<p>Single piece cotyledonary somatic embryo (SPC explant) from <i>Rosa hybrida</i> ‘J. F. Kennedy’ was employed as the initial explant and control sample, with the multiple adventitious buds regenerated from somatic embryos (RMBHA buds) serving as the test sample for transcriptomic sequencing. Results showed that differentially expressed genes <b>(</b>DEGs) in SPC explant and RMBHA bud were annotated to GO (gene ontology) terms of regulation of transcription (GO:0006355), signal transduction (GO:0007165), cell differentiation (GO:0030154), DNA-binding transcription factor activity (GO:0003700), and kinase activity (GO:0016301). They were also significantly enriched in the plant hormone signal transduction pathway (ko04075). In addition, characteristic genes for adventitious bud formation (<i>CUC3</i>s<i>, DA1</i>s, <i>LOB</i> and <i>RAX1</i>) were identified in the RMBHA buds, and the formation process was regulated by plant hormones, especially cytokinins (CTK) and brassinosteroid (BR), which were the main regulatory factors. This study is the first molecular-level report on the new plantlet regeneration approach from somatic embryo of <i>R. hybrida</i> ‘J. F. Kennedy’, namely that, somatic embryo can regenerate not only by bipolar germination (seed-like germination <i>via</i> bipolar development of somatic embryo) pathway, but also by the pathway of adventitious bud formation (organogenesis-like <i>via</i> unipolar development of somatic embryo). Furthermore, through transcriptome analysis, the gene expression patterns and regulatory networks&#xa0;that are regulated by plant hormones&#xa0;involved in the regeneration process of multiple buds from rose somatic embryos were explored, thereby elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying plantlet regeneration <i>via</i> adventitious bud formation from somatic embryos. This provides new data for research on rose developmental biology and plantlet regeneration, and offers an important reference for improving rose regeneration using genetic tools.</p>

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Transcriptome analysis revealing organogenesis-like shoot regeneration from somatic embryo of Rosa hybrida ‘J. F. Kennedy’

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月30日

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  • Xiaoxue Hu,
  • Xiaoling Kang,
  • Chuanyu Ding,
  • Li Du

摘要

Single piece cotyledonary somatic embryo (SPC explant) from Rosa hybrida ‘J. F. Kennedy’ was employed as the initial explant and control sample, with the multiple adventitious buds regenerated from somatic embryos (RMBHA buds) serving as the test sample for transcriptomic sequencing. Results showed that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in SPC explant and RMBHA bud were annotated to GO (gene ontology) terms of regulation of transcription (GO:0006355), signal transduction (GO:0007165), cell differentiation (GO:0030154), DNA-binding transcription factor activity (GO:0003700), and kinase activity (GO:0016301). They were also significantly enriched in the plant hormone signal transduction pathway (ko04075). In addition, characteristic genes for adventitious bud formation (CUC3s, DA1s, LOB and RAX1) were identified in the RMBHA buds, and the formation process was regulated by plant hormones, especially cytokinins (CTK) and brassinosteroid (BR), which were the main regulatory factors. This study is the first molecular-level report on the new plantlet regeneration approach from somatic embryo of R. hybrida ‘J. F. Kennedy’, namely that, somatic embryo can regenerate not only by bipolar germination (seed-like germination via bipolar development of somatic embryo) pathway, but also by the pathway of adventitious bud formation (organogenesis-like via unipolar development of somatic embryo). Furthermore, through transcriptome analysis, the gene expression patterns and regulatory networks that are regulated by plant hormones involved in the regeneration process of multiple buds from rose somatic embryos were explored, thereby elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying plantlet regeneration via adventitious bud formation from somatic embryos. This provides new data for research on rose developmental biology and plantlet regeneration, and offers an important reference for improving rose regeneration using genetic tools.