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<p>Plant tissue culture (PTC) techniques, such as <i>in vitro</i> callogenesis, are widely used for the propagation of medicinal and agronomic species that produce secondary metabolites (SMs) on a large scale. <i>Psidium guajava</i> L. (guava) is one such species. Callogenesis plays a key role in obtaining plant biomass and synthesizing SMs. The objective of this study was to germinate seeds and establish <i>in vitro</i> plantlets of <i>Psidium guajava</i> cultivars Paluma and Cortibel (C1 and C6), to obtain leaf, hypocotyl, and root explants, and induce callogenesis using combinations of plant growth regulators (PGRs): 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), kinetin (KIN), and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). Anatomical and SMs group characterization were also performed on the callus. Results showed that <i>in vitro</i> germination of <i>Psidium guajava</i> seeds is enhanced by using Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) without sucrose or with low concentrations, along with soaking the seeds in heated water (80 ºC), with germination percentages exceeding 75%. Leaf explants were more responsive to callogenesis than hypocotyl and root explants, forming callus in 30&#xa0;days or less, regardless of treatment. This feature of leaf explants can be leveraged to improve biomass production and the subsequent extraction of bioactive compounds. Additionally, the callus tissues from the three cultivars and the <i>in vitro</i> germinated plantlets of cultivar Paluma synthesize SMs such as tannins, flavones, saponins, chalcones, aurones, and catechins. These findings highlight the potential using <i>Psidium guajava</i> callogenesis in PTC for the large-scale production of bioactive SMs, contributing to future research and biotechnological applications.</p>

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Phytochemical prospection of secondary metabolites in in vitro seedlings and calluses of three cultivars of Psidium guajava L

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月21日

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  • Mayla Bessa Scotá,
  • Kaoany Ferreira da Silva,
  • Thalya Campelo Vitor,
  • Aldino Neto Venancio,
  • Milene Miranda Praça Fontes,
  • Luciano Menini,
  • Marcia Flores da Silva Ferreira,
  • Elias Terra Werner

摘要

Plant tissue culture (PTC) techniques, such as in vitro callogenesis, are widely used for the propagation of medicinal and agronomic species that produce secondary metabolites (SMs) on a large scale. Psidium guajava L. (guava) is one such species. Callogenesis plays a key role in obtaining plant biomass and synthesizing SMs. The objective of this study was to germinate seeds and establish in vitro plantlets of Psidium guajava cultivars Paluma and Cortibel (C1 and C6), to obtain leaf, hypocotyl, and root explants, and induce callogenesis using combinations of plant growth regulators (PGRs): 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), kinetin (KIN), and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). Anatomical and SMs group characterization were also performed on the callus. Results showed that in vitro germination of Psidium guajava seeds is enhanced by using Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) without sucrose or with low concentrations, along with soaking the seeds in heated water (80 ºC), with germination percentages exceeding 75%. Leaf explants were more responsive to callogenesis than hypocotyl and root explants, forming callus in 30 days or less, regardless of treatment. This feature of leaf explants can be leveraged to improve biomass production and the subsequent extraction of bioactive compounds. Additionally, the callus tissues from the three cultivars and the in vitro germinated plantlets of cultivar Paluma synthesize SMs such as tannins, flavones, saponins, chalcones, aurones, and catechins. These findings highlight the potential using Psidium guajava callogenesis in PTC for the large-scale production of bioactive SMs, contributing to future research and biotechnological applications.