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<p><i>Dactylorhiza hatagirea</i>, also referred to as marsh orchid or Salam Panja, is a high-altitude, medicinally important orchid found in the Himalayan region. It is listed as an endangered orchid due to its overexploitation by indigenous people and habitat destruction due to anthropogenic activities and natural calamities. DNA barcoding using the <i>ITS</i> region successfully discriminated <i>Dactylorhiza</i> species, demonstrating its effectiveness for species identification. Conserving <i>D. hatagirea</i> is essential for maintaining ecological health, cultural heritage, and potential medicinal benefits. Hence, during the present study, mature seeds (8 wk after pollination) procured from its dehisced capsules (pods) were cultured on three nutrient media: BM-1 (terrestrial orchid medium), LD (Lindemann <i>et al</i>.&#xa0;<CitationRef CitationID="CR38">1970</CitationRef>) medium, and ½ strength modified MS (Murashige and Skoog <CitationRef CitationID="CR44">1962</CitationRef>) medium with and without growth additives and AC (activated charcoal). The best results were observed on BM-1 medium augmented with 1.5&#xa0;mg L<sup>−1</sup> IBA (indole-3-butyric acid) and 0.05% AC. Activated charcoal proved beneficial in inducing seed germination in the BM-1 and LD media; it showed a decrease in germination frequency on ½MS medium, revealing species-specific requirements of nutrients. These results provide crucial insights into the <i>in vitro</i> propagation and conservation of this therapeutically significant terrestrial orchid, and the presently established protocol for <i>D. hatagirea</i> may be used for propagating and conserving other endangered Himalayan herbs as well.</p>

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Identification of an endangered and medicinally important Himalayan orchid, Dactylorhiza hatagirea D.Don Soo using DNA barcodes and development of an efficient in vitro propagation protocol utilizing embryo culture technique

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月23日

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  • Pratibha Jaryal,
  • Promila Pathak,
  • Vandana Jaiswal,
  • Ashish R. Warghat

摘要

Dactylorhiza hatagirea, also referred to as marsh orchid or Salam Panja, is a high-altitude, medicinally important orchid found in the Himalayan region. It is listed as an endangered orchid due to its overexploitation by indigenous people and habitat destruction due to anthropogenic activities and natural calamities. DNA barcoding using the ITS region successfully discriminated Dactylorhiza species, demonstrating its effectiveness for species identification. Conserving D. hatagirea is essential for maintaining ecological health, cultural heritage, and potential medicinal benefits. Hence, during the present study, mature seeds (8 wk after pollination) procured from its dehisced capsules (pods) were cultured on three nutrient media: BM-1 (terrestrial orchid medium), LD (Lindemann et al. 1970) medium, and ½ strength modified MS (Murashige and Skoog 1962) medium with and without growth additives and AC (activated charcoal). The best results were observed on BM-1 medium augmented with 1.5 mg L−1 IBA (indole-3-butyric acid) and 0.05% AC. Activated charcoal proved beneficial in inducing seed germination in the BM-1 and LD media; it showed a decrease in germination frequency on ½MS medium, revealing species-specific requirements of nutrients. These results provide crucial insights into the in vitro propagation and conservation of this therapeutically significant terrestrial orchid, and the presently established protocol for D. hatagirea may be used for propagating and conserving other endangered Himalayan herbs as well.