Maxing Yigan formula promotes cartilage regeneration by regulating chondrocyte autophagy in osteoarthritis

Maxing Yigan formula (MYF) is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription used for the treatment of OA for decades in China. However, the mechanism remains unknown. In this study, we developed a MYF-incorporated collagen sponge (MYF@CS) and investigated its cartilage regeneration effect and the underlying mechanism. In vitro experiments revealed that MYF significantly promoted cell viability, proliferation, and autophagy of OA chondrocytes. Furthermore, MYF@CS significantly enhanced chondrogenesis and cartilage regeneration, as assessed by macroscopic observation, the International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) visual histological score, and histological examination. Our findings suggest that MYF@CS could represent a significant therapeutic strategy for the treatment of OA.