<p>Over the past decade, researchers have generated increasingly robust evidence of the health and environmental benefits of nature-based solutions (NBS). However, few studies have rigorously examined which factors have facilitated the integration of that evidence into policies in cities. Shedding light on those factors is particularly critical since a tension exists between the growing evidence of health and other benefits of NBS and capacities to integrate that work into urban climate policies. This article uses simple process tracing methods to illuminate how Kawasaki, Japan reconciled that tension to formulate an evidence-based urban Green Implementation Plan and Climate Change Adaptation Policy. More concretely, the article argues that the convergence of three factors proved pivotal in strengthening the local science-policy interface in Kawasaki: (1) the Kawasaki Environmental Research Institute (KERI) that served as a trusted boundary organization in generating and communicating evidence of the benefits of NBS to city planners; (2) six streams of usable knowledge that created a coherent cause-effect narrative about the potential of expanded green space to limit heat strokes; and (3) a National Adaptation Policy, Green Space Policy, Climate Change Adaptation Platform (A-PLAT) and an aging society that created a favorable context for integrating evidence of the health and other benefits into policies. The study concludes by reflecting on the distinctiveness and generalizability of the factors explaining this outcome in Kawasaki for other cities in and outside Japan.</p>

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Integrating evidence of the health benefits of nature-based solutions into urban climate policies: the case of Kawasaki, Japan

  • Tetsuro Yoshida,
  • Eric Zusman

摘要

Over the past decade, researchers have generated increasingly robust evidence of the health and environmental benefits of nature-based solutions (NBS). However, few studies have rigorously examined which factors have facilitated the integration of that evidence into policies in cities. Shedding light on those factors is particularly critical since a tension exists between the growing evidence of health and other benefits of NBS and capacities to integrate that work into urban climate policies. This article uses simple process tracing methods to illuminate how Kawasaki, Japan reconciled that tension to formulate an evidence-based urban Green Implementation Plan and Climate Change Adaptation Policy. More concretely, the article argues that the convergence of three factors proved pivotal in strengthening the local science-policy interface in Kawasaki: (1) the Kawasaki Environmental Research Institute (KERI) that served as a trusted boundary organization in generating and communicating evidence of the benefits of NBS to city planners; (2) six streams of usable knowledge that created a coherent cause-effect narrative about the potential of expanded green space to limit heat strokes; and (3) a National Adaptation Policy, Green Space Policy, Climate Change Adaptation Platform (A-PLAT) and an aging society that created a favorable context for integrating evidence of the health and other benefits into policies. The study concludes by reflecting on the distinctiveness and generalizability of the factors explaining this outcome in Kawasaki for other cities in and outside Japan.