Public preferences for renewable energy sources in Indonesia

Achieving green growth in Indonesia requires a significant increase in low-carbon energy and a concurrent decrease in the use of fossil fuels. This is why Indonesia needs more than just hydro and solar energy for its energy transition. However, there is a limited number of studies in the context of Indonesia that discuss public preferences for different types of renewable energy. Hence, to fill the knowledge gap of consumers' preferences to increase the share of renewable energy in electricity generation and different types of renewable energy, we employ a discrete choice experiment (DCE) to generate consumers' responses and estimate them using conditional and mixed logit. Jakarta was chosen as the study site, and 1000 respondents were interviewed. The results show that across five types of renewable energy sources, namely, solar, wind, hydro, biomass, and geothermal, solar panel and hydropower are the two most familiar renewable energy sources. Respondents' familiarity corresponds with their willingness to pay. Our findings are essential planning input for establishing better energy policymaking and helping shape energy transformations. Consumers' acceptance of renewable energy will affect their propensity to adopt and utilize it. Hence, the consumers' role should not be excluded in renewable energy policymaking.