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<p>In light of the widespread use of the Communication Square in (corporate) training and education, coupled with a&#xa0;lack of empirical foundation, this study, published in the journal <i>Gruppe. Interaktion. Organisation.</i>, investigates the factors that qualify, that is, influence the reception of a&#xa0;message. Due to the high relevance of nonverbal components of communication in interpreting the message content, the study specifically examines the qualification through facial expressions. In an online survey, 266 participants residing in Germany were asked to indicate the strength with which they received the message on one of the four sides of the Communication Square, with a&#xa0;representative distribution by age and gender ensured through stratified sampling. The facial expressions of the senders were varied between sadness, anger, and fear, while the messages remained identical. Neutral facial expressions were presented as a&#xa0;comparison scenario. The data, collected using a&#xa0;five-point Likert scale, were analysed using four one-way repeated measures ANOVAs, with the Bonferroni correction applied for pairwise comparisons. The results show that qualification through facial expressions of sadness, anger, or fear leads recipients to interpret the message significantly more strongly on the relationship, self-revelation, and appeal sides, and significantly less strongly on the factual side. Moreover, it was found that this effect is particularly strong for the basic emotion of anger. The new findings empirically confirm the theoretical assumptions of the Communication Square regarding the influence of facial expressions on the reception of messages. They refine the application of the model for conveying factual content: When senders express sadness, anger, or fear nonverbally, their message is usually not received factually by recipients, which complicates effective communication about factual matters. To promote factual understanding, this finding should, for instance, encourage leaders to become more aware of their emotions, facial expressions, and their impact on others.</p>

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Schulz von Thuns Kommunikationsquadrat: Eine empirische Analyse des Einflusses negativer emotionaler Mimik auf den Empfang von Nachrichten

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  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月15日

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  • Nils Hohmeier,
  • Caroline Trautwein,
  • Christine Flaßbeck,
  • Christoph Böhmert

摘要

In light of the widespread use of the Communication Square in (corporate) training and education, coupled with a lack of empirical foundation, this study, published in the journal Gruppe. Interaktion. Organisation., investigates the factors that qualify, that is, influence the reception of a message. Due to the high relevance of nonverbal components of communication in interpreting the message content, the study specifically examines the qualification through facial expressions. In an online survey, 266 participants residing in Germany were asked to indicate the strength with which they received the message on one of the four sides of the Communication Square, with a representative distribution by age and gender ensured through stratified sampling. The facial expressions of the senders were varied between sadness, anger, and fear, while the messages remained identical. Neutral facial expressions were presented as a comparison scenario. The data, collected using a five-point Likert scale, were analysed using four one-way repeated measures ANOVAs, with the Bonferroni correction applied for pairwise comparisons. The results show that qualification through facial expressions of sadness, anger, or fear leads recipients to interpret the message significantly more strongly on the relationship, self-revelation, and appeal sides, and significantly less strongly on the factual side. Moreover, it was found that this effect is particularly strong for the basic emotion of anger. The new findings empirically confirm the theoretical assumptions of the Communication Square regarding the influence of facial expressions on the reception of messages. They refine the application of the model for conveying factual content: When senders express sadness, anger, or fear nonverbally, their message is usually not received factually by recipients, which complicates effective communication about factual matters. To promote factual understanding, this finding should, for instance, encourage leaders to become more aware of their emotions, facial expressions, and their impact on others.