Background <p>Systemic racism has resulted in ongoing health disparities disproportionately affecting Black/Latinx patients. The use of race in medical literature can reinforce ideas of racially distinct mechanisms of illness and lead to differential treatment based on race classifications, further exacerbating inequities.</p> Aims <p>This study used an innovative debate-style curriculum to teach residents how to critically examine race in medical literature using an asthma clinical trial.</p> Setting <p>Ambulatory curriculum.</p> Participants <p>One hundred twenty-four internal medicine residents.</p> Program Description <p>A 90-min educational session included a brief article overview followed by a debate. Residents were assigned to an affirmative or opposing team to debate if studying only Black/Latinx patients in the trial was justified. The session concluded by reviewing how racism contributes to health disparities and clinical trial inequities with strategies to address these issues.</p> Program Evaluation <p>Pre/post-surveys assessed comfort discussing race, appraisal of race in medical literature, and perceived importance of SDOH in research.</p> Discussion <p>The debate-based session enhanced residents’ comfort discussing race, promoted critical thinking and perspective-taking, and equipped them with tools to appraise race-consciousness in medical literature and clinical practice.</p>