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Background <p>People living with HIV (PLWH) experience higher atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk and events than people living without HIV.</p> Objective <p>We evaluated a multilevel strategy, “Million Hearts,” based on appropriate daily low-dose aspirin (A) use, blood pressure management (B), cholesterol (C) reduction with a statin, and smoking (S) cessation (“ABCS”) on estimated 10-year ASCVD risk among PLWH.</p> Design <p>Stepped-wedge cluster randomized clinical trial (SW-CRCT) involved nine practices caring for PLWH between 2019 and 2022.</p> Participants <p>Within participating sites of randomized wedges, we consented and enrolled 485 PLWH ages 40–75 with a 10-year baseline ASCVD risk ≥ 5% clustered within their consented treating clinician.</p> Intervention <p>Patient-directed interventions included (1) patient coaching on ASCVD risk and patient goal-setting selection of ABCS and (2) automated bidirectional texting to reinforce selected ABCS. Clinician-directed interventions included (1) academic detailing on ABCS and (2) feedback on patient risk and ABCS adoption.</p> Main Measures <p>Ten-year ASCVD risk (primary outcome) and HIV viral load suppression (primary safety outcome).</p> Key Results <p>The intervention spanned the time of peak COVID-19 closures and reduced access for many health systems, and delayed intervention startup. While analysis based on the initially assigned start dates revealed no statistically significant effect on ASCVD risk, analysis based on actual start dates resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic showed a statistically significant reduction in ASCVD risk of −0.47 (95% CI −0.93 to −0.01) without evidence of any worsening of viral suppression (<i>p</i> = 0.6). This effect was driven by statistically significant reductions in cholesterol and smoking.</p> Conclusion <p>While delayed by COVID, the multicomponent intervention delivered based on actual start dates yielded statistically significant reductions in ASCVD risk among PLWH without increasing detectable viral load.</p> Trial Registration <p>NCT 05488795; April 1, 2019.</p>

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Translating the ABCSs into HIV Care: A Stepped Wedge Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月4日

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  • Kevin Fiscella,
  • Amneris Luque,
  • Brent A. Johnson,
  • Mechelle Sanders,
  • Emma Sass,
  • Andrea Cassells,
  • Tameir Holder,
  • Marie Thomas,
  • Don Harrington,
  • Yiqi Tian,
  • Jennifer Carroll,
  • Jineane Venci,
  • Stephen K. Williams,
  • Jonathan N. Tobin

摘要

Background

People living with HIV (PLWH) experience higher atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk and events than people living without HIV.

Objective

We evaluated a multilevel strategy, “Million Hearts,” based on appropriate daily low-dose aspirin (A) use, blood pressure management (B), cholesterol (C) reduction with a statin, and smoking (S) cessation (“ABCS”) on estimated 10-year ASCVD risk among PLWH.

Design

Stepped-wedge cluster randomized clinical trial (SW-CRCT) involved nine practices caring for PLWH between 2019 and 2022.

Participants

Within participating sites of randomized wedges, we consented and enrolled 485 PLWH ages 40–75 with a 10-year baseline ASCVD risk ≥ 5% clustered within their consented treating clinician.

Intervention

Patient-directed interventions included (1) patient coaching on ASCVD risk and patient goal-setting selection of ABCS and (2) automated bidirectional texting to reinforce selected ABCS. Clinician-directed interventions included (1) academic detailing on ABCS and (2) feedback on patient risk and ABCS adoption.

Main Measures

Ten-year ASCVD risk (primary outcome) and HIV viral load suppression (primary safety outcome).

Key Results

The intervention spanned the time of peak COVID-19 closures and reduced access for many health systems, and delayed intervention startup. While analysis based on the initially assigned start dates revealed no statistically significant effect on ASCVD risk, analysis based on actual start dates resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic showed a statistically significant reduction in ASCVD risk of −0.47 (95% CI −0.93 to −0.01) without evidence of any worsening of viral suppression (p = 0.6). This effect was driven by statistically significant reductions in cholesterol and smoking.

Conclusion

While delayed by COVID, the multicomponent intervention delivered based on actual start dates yielded statistically significant reductions in ASCVD risk among PLWH without increasing detectable viral load.

Trial Registration

NCT 05488795; April 1, 2019.