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<p>This study investigates Pc5 pulsations during the Multiphase Geomagnetic Storm of February 19–23, 2014, using data from four ground-based magnetic stations of the SAMBA network. These stations cover geomagnetic latitudes from –50° to –5° and are centered around 0° geomagnetic longitude. The analysis involves processing the X and Y magnetic field components, applying a baseline correction, and using a mixed filtering method to extract the isolated Pc5 signal at each station. Results show that Pc5 pulsations in the 2–7 mHz range appear as discrete wave packets that occur simultaneously across all stations, maintaining a consistent morphology across latitudes. The spectral power of Pc5 waves in the X component exhibits a behavior consistent with toroidal-mode field line resonances at low latitudes, whereas in the Y component it decreases, suggesting a strong influence of ionospheric current systems. Furthermore, the occurrence of Pc5 pulsations coincides with increases in solar wind density and velocity, suggesting that these variations act as triggering mechanisms through magnetospheric compression and instabilities at the magnetopause. The most likely generation mechanism is identified as the magnetospheric waveguide/cavity mode.</p>

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Latitudinal variations of ULF Pc5 pulsations during the multiphase geomagnetic storm of February 19–23, 2014

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月18日

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  • J. A. Lazzús,
  • I. Salfate

摘要

This study investigates Pc5 pulsations during the Multiphase Geomagnetic Storm of February 19–23, 2014, using data from four ground-based magnetic stations of the SAMBA network. These stations cover geomagnetic latitudes from –50° to –5° and are centered around 0° geomagnetic longitude. The analysis involves processing the X and Y magnetic field components, applying a baseline correction, and using a mixed filtering method to extract the isolated Pc5 signal at each station. Results show that Pc5 pulsations in the 2–7 mHz range appear as discrete wave packets that occur simultaneously across all stations, maintaining a consistent morphology across latitudes. The spectral power of Pc5 waves in the X component exhibits a behavior consistent with toroidal-mode field line resonances at low latitudes, whereas in the Y component it decreases, suggesting a strong influence of ionospheric current systems. Furthermore, the occurrence of Pc5 pulsations coincides with increases in solar wind density and velocity, suggesting that these variations act as triggering mechanisms through magnetospheric compression and instabilities at the magnetopause. The most likely generation mechanism is identified as the magnetospheric waveguide/cavity mode.