<p>A comprehensive full-sieve-hole grading correction method was used to adjust aggregate gradings. The fatigue properties of recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) asphalt mixtures were investigated using an improved indirect tensile fatigue test under temperature-humidity coupling based on 20-year meteorological data of Beijing, and the degeneration mechanism was further explored by scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy. The experimental results indicate that replacing 5–20 mm coarse limestone aggregate (LA) with RCA at a 50% substitution volume can mitigate the impact of RCA variations on the asphalt mixture proportioning design. All RCA asphalt mixtures have lower initial fatigue properties than the LA asphalt mixture. However, under temperature-humidity coupling, the long-term fatigue property of an RCA asphalt mixture with a low proportion of recycled brick exceeds that of the LA asphalt mixture, and the fatigue life decline rate of the RCA asphalt mixture during 10-year service decreases by approximately 25%. This is due to the penetration of the asphalt mortar into the RCA through the pores and cracks on the RCA surface. It forms an interfacial transition zone composed of asphalt mortar and cement mortar and further reduces the mixture damage caused by the water and freeze-thaw conditions.</p>