<p>To address the negative impact of an internal curing agent on strength while preserving its ability to resist autogenous shrinkage, we investigated the incorporation of triethanolamine and triisopropanolamine as early-strength components. These additives were combined with an internal curing agent to prepare a compound early-strength internal curing agent so as to investigate how compound early-strength internal curing agents affect the mechanical characteristics and volume stability of mortar. This was assessed using a battery of tests, including strength, autogenous shrinkage, internal relative humidity, mercury intrusion porosimetry, X-ray powder diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. These results indicate that the compound early-strength internal curing agent effectively maintains the volume stability of the mortar without compromising its early mechanical properties. The compressive strength ratios of the mortar mixed with the compound early-strength internal curing agent were 109.45% at 3 days and 119% at 7 days, indicating significant improvement compared with the internal curing agent. Furthermore, the 7-day autogenous shrinkage rate of the mortar was −56.78 µm/m. The proportion of hazardous-grade pores larger than 100 nm was reduced to 3.54%, and the pore distribution was uniform. This study introduces innovative ideas and methods for mitigating the adverse effects of internal curing agents on the early strength of mortar.</p>