<p>The approximation of Sobolev homeomorphisms by smooth diffeomorphisms is well understood in first-order spaces <InlineEquation ID="IEq4"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(W^{1,p}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mi>W</mi> <mrow> <mn>1</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mi>p</mi> </mrow> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, but remains largely open in the second-order space <InlineEquation ID="IEq5"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(W^{2,1}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mi>W</mi> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> due to a fundamental tension between curvature control and injectivity. In this paper we isolate and resolve the local analytical component of this problem. We construct explicit local regularisations both across flat interfaces and near multi-cell vertices, and prove convergence in <InlineEquation ID="IEq6"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(W^{2,1}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mi>W</mi> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> together with quantitative preservation of the Jacobian. We prove that any piecewise quadratic <InlineEquation ID="IEq7"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(C^1\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mi>C</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>-compatible planar homeomorphism on a finite conforming rectangular partition, satisfying a quantitative lower bi-Lipschitz bound and the uniform nondegeneracy condition <InlineEquation ID="IEq8"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(\det Dg \ge \lambda &gt;0\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <mrow> <mo movablelimits="true">det</mo> <mi>D</mi> <mi>g</mi> <mo>≥</mo> <mi>λ</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation>, can be approximated in <InlineEquation ID="IEq9"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(W^{2,1}\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mi>W</mi> <mrow> <mn>2</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> by injective <InlineEquation ID="IEq10"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">\(C^1\)</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"><math> <msup> <mi>C</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msup> </math></EquationSource> </InlineEquation> maps which are smooth outside arbitrarily small neighborhoods of the endpoints of the interior edges. Under the additional completion assumption stated in Section <InternalRef RefID="Sec12">6</InternalRef>, the localized result formally yields globally smooth injective approximants. Thus the paper separates the localized analytic smoothing established here from the additional global completion property postulated in Section <InternalRef RefID="Sec12">6</InternalRef>.</p>

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\(W^{2,1}\) approximation of planar Sobolev homeomorphisms by smooth diffeomorphisms

  • Luigi D’Onofrio

摘要

The approximation of Sobolev homeomorphisms by smooth diffeomorphisms is well understood in first-order spaces \(W^{1,p}\) W 1 , p , but remains largely open in the second-order space \(W^{2,1}\) W 2 , 1 due to a fundamental tension between curvature control and injectivity. In this paper we isolate and resolve the local analytical component of this problem. We construct explicit local regularisations both across flat interfaces and near multi-cell vertices, and prove convergence in \(W^{2,1}\) W 2 , 1 together with quantitative preservation of the Jacobian. We prove that any piecewise quadratic \(C^1\) C 1 -compatible planar homeomorphism on a finite conforming rectangular partition, satisfying a quantitative lower bi-Lipschitz bound and the uniform nondegeneracy condition \(\det Dg \ge \lambda >0\) det D g λ > 0 , can be approximated in \(W^{2,1}\) W 2 , 1 by injective \(C^1\) C 1 maps which are smooth outside arbitrarily small neighborhoods of the endpoints of the interior edges. Under the additional completion assumption stated in Section 6, the localized result formally yields globally smooth injective approximants. Thus the paper separates the localized analytic smoothing established here from the additional global completion property postulated in Section 6.