Maximizing weighted survival for coverage location model
摘要
Efficient deployment of emergency medical services (EMS) is critical for maximizing survival in life threatening situations while ensuring adequate coverage for non-critical calls. This study proposes a novel stochastic, survival probability and time dependent location allocation model for two ambulance types (advanced life support ALS and basic life support BLS) and two demand categories (critical and non-critical). A priority-based optimization framework ensures critical demand are served first, while improving non-critical coverage. To efficiently solve the NP-hard problem, a Memetic algorithm enhanced with iterated simulated annealing (MA-ISA) is developed, enabling optimal allocation of ambulances and demand assignments. Computational experiments in a real urban district demonstrate improved survival rates for critical calls and enhanced coverage for non-critical calls, offering a practical, dynamic tool for EMS resource planning under uncertainty.