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<p>This study presents a two-dimensional wildland fire propagation model incorporating realistic wind fields and topographic data from an area in Enna, Sicily. The model that describes the fire dynamics is based on reaction diffusion equations and it has been numerically integrated by means of Runge-Kutta scheme and Finite Element Method (FEM). While FEM has been tested only on flat terrains with random fuel distributions, the finite difference approach has been successfully applied to real-world topographies using satellite-based fuel maps. Results highlight the critical roles of wind, topography, and fuel distribution in fire propagation. The finite difference method proves effective in complex scenarios, whereas FEM shows potential for future development.</p>

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Mathematical models for environmental protection: wildfire propagation model with a real domain, the case study of enna city

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月15日

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  • Giuseppe Alì,
  • Angela Ricciardello,
  • Marianna Ruggieri,
  • Carmelo Scuro

摘要

This study presents a two-dimensional wildland fire propagation model incorporating realistic wind fields and topographic data from an area in Enna, Sicily. The model that describes the fire dynamics is based on reaction diffusion equations and it has been numerically integrated by means of Runge-Kutta scheme and Finite Element Method (FEM). While FEM has been tested only on flat terrains with random fuel distributions, the finite difference approach has been successfully applied to real-world topographies using satellite-based fuel maps. Results highlight the critical roles of wind, topography, and fuel distribution in fire propagation. The finite difference method proves effective in complex scenarios, whereas FEM shows potential for future development.