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<p>The study explores unsteady pressure driven flow, under exothermic reaction and thermal radiation conditions, of third-grade fluids (TGFs) in a horizontal micro-channel saturated with a porous medium and subject to MHD effects and convective cooling at the micro-channel boundaries. The main aims of the study are to investigate and analyze the individual and combined effects of exothermic reactions, applied magnetic field, thermal radiation, and porous media presence on the fluid- and thermal- dynamics in pressure driven micro-channel flow of TGFs subjected to convective cooling at the walls. The research methodology entails the utilization of Arrhenius kinetics to model the exothermic reaction processes; Rosseland approximation to model the thermal radiation heat transfer effects; Newton’s law of cooling to model the convective heat transfer boundary conditions; the modified Darcy law to account for the porous media effects; and a Nahme law to model the dependence of fluid viscosity on temperature. Computational solutions for the resultant coupled system of governing nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) are obtained via semi-implicit finite difference methods. The major findings drawn from the study indicate that incorporating porous media, exothermic reactions, and thermal radiation into MHD flow of TGFs in horizontal micro-channels subjected to convective cooling at the walls significantly influences the flow field variables in remarkable ways. In particular, we find the that thermal runaway phenomena is closely connected to both exothermic reactions and thermal radiation and hence that this may be mitigated by decreasing the strengths of heat sources. Our finding also demonstrate that the flow velocity and fluid temperature behave synchronously and hence that the thermal runaway phenomena may equally also be mitigated by increasing the strengths of drag inducing flow properties such as; increasing the magnetic field strength; increasing the porous media presence; or increasing the viscosity.</p>

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Radiation heat transfer and MHD flow of third-grade fluids in modified Darcy porous medium with variable viscosity and exothermic chemical reaction

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月4日

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  • Idrees Khan,
  • Zhi Ling,
  • Tiri Chinyoka,
  • Ramoshweu Solomon Lebelo

摘要

The study explores unsteady pressure driven flow, under exothermic reaction and thermal radiation conditions, of third-grade fluids (TGFs) in a horizontal micro-channel saturated with a porous medium and subject to MHD effects and convective cooling at the micro-channel boundaries. The main aims of the study are to investigate and analyze the individual and combined effects of exothermic reactions, applied magnetic field, thermal radiation, and porous media presence on the fluid- and thermal- dynamics in pressure driven micro-channel flow of TGFs subjected to convective cooling at the walls. The research methodology entails the utilization of Arrhenius kinetics to model the exothermic reaction processes; Rosseland approximation to model the thermal radiation heat transfer effects; Newton’s law of cooling to model the convective heat transfer boundary conditions; the modified Darcy law to account for the porous media effects; and a Nahme law to model the dependence of fluid viscosity on temperature. Computational solutions for the resultant coupled system of governing nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) are obtained via semi-implicit finite difference methods. The major findings drawn from the study indicate that incorporating porous media, exothermic reactions, and thermal radiation into MHD flow of TGFs in horizontal micro-channels subjected to convective cooling at the walls significantly influences the flow field variables in remarkable ways. In particular, we find the that thermal runaway phenomena is closely connected to both exothermic reactions and thermal radiation and hence that this may be mitigated by decreasing the strengths of heat sources. Our finding also demonstrate that the flow velocity and fluid temperature behave synchronously and hence that the thermal runaway phenomena may equally also be mitigated by increasing the strengths of drag inducing flow properties such as; increasing the magnetic field strength; increasing the porous media presence; or increasing the viscosity.