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<p>The solution casting technique was employed to prepare a biodegradable solid polymer electrolyte (BSPE) based on starch extracted from chickpeas (<i>Cicer arietinum L</i>.) and agar with the plasticizer of glycerol and dopant salt of lithium nitrate (LiNO₃). For this purpose, high amylose content chickpea starch was chosen because it proved to be an effective polymer for the complexation with salts and enabled Li⁺ ion transport. The results of X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicated that the addition of glycerol and LiNO₃ decreased the crystallinity of the polymer matrix and increased the amorphous content. The interaction of the functional groups of the starch–agar polymer blend with the Li⁺ ions was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, which did not alter the basic structure of the polymer blend. At room temperature, the highest ionic conductivities were found to be 1.55 × 10⁻³ S cm⁻¹ for the electrolyte film with 0.5&#xa0;g of LiNO₃. The dielectric analysis results showed non-Debye relaxation with a decrease in the dielectric permittivity with frequency. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) revealed the highest conducting sample to be thermally stable up to 150&#xa0;°C, linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) demonstrated its electrochemical stability window of 2.90&#xa0;V, and transference number measurement (TNM) confirmed that it showed dominant ionic conduction with an ionic transference number of 0.92. Furthermore, the biodegradability of the prepared polymer electrolyte film was confirmed through a soil burial experiment under a natural soil environment.</p>

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Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) starch/agar blended biodegradable solid polymer electrolyte doped with LiNO3: structural, electrical, and thermal properties

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月19日

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  • Catherine Denisha D.,
  • Sher Meena D.,
  • Delphine B.,
  • Refina S.,
  • Anna Venus S.

摘要

The solution casting technique was employed to prepare a biodegradable solid polymer electrolyte (BSPE) based on starch extracted from chickpeas (Cicer arietinum L.) and agar with the plasticizer of glycerol and dopant salt of lithium nitrate (LiNO₃). For this purpose, high amylose content chickpea starch was chosen because it proved to be an effective polymer for the complexation with salts and enabled Li⁺ ion transport. The results of X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicated that the addition of glycerol and LiNO₃ decreased the crystallinity of the polymer matrix and increased the amorphous content. The interaction of the functional groups of the starch–agar polymer blend with the Li⁺ ions was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, which did not alter the basic structure of the polymer blend. At room temperature, the highest ionic conductivities were found to be 1.55 × 10⁻³ S cm⁻¹ for the electrolyte film with 0.5 g of LiNO₃. The dielectric analysis results showed non-Debye relaxation with a decrease in the dielectric permittivity with frequency. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) revealed the highest conducting sample to be thermally stable up to 150 °C, linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) demonstrated its electrochemical stability window of 2.90 V, and transference number measurement (TNM) confirmed that it showed dominant ionic conduction with an ionic transference number of 0.92. Furthermore, the biodegradability of the prepared polymer electrolyte film was confirmed through a soil burial experiment under a natural soil environment.