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<p>This study developed a green method for synthesizing titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanostructures by employing a water-based <i>Rosmarinus officinalis</i> leaf extract as an organic reducing and stabilizing agent. The structural, morphological and elemental composition was analysed through XRD, SEM and XPS. The green-synthesized TiO₂ demonstrated a 0.611 ± 0.05&#xa0;V, open-circuit voltage (V<sub>OC</sub>), 16.9 ± 0.02 mAcm⁻² short-circuit current density (J<sub>SC</sub>), and 0.71 ± 0.02 fill factor (FF) when used as the photoanode material in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) coupled with a platinum counter electrode. The power conversion efficiency was 8.4 ± 0.05%. Compared to the benchmark P25 TiO₂ (η = 3.3 ± 0.01%, V<sub>OC</sub> = 0.611 ± 0.05 mV, J<sub>SC</sub> = 10.1 ± 0.02&#xa0;mA cm⁻², FF = 0.55 ± 0.05), these values are significantly better. The methylene blue (MB) degradation was found to be 99% and 65% for TiO<sub>2</sub> and P25, respectively. Similarly, the rate constant was found to be 0.0986 and 0.0254&#xa0;min⁻¹, TiO<sub>2</sub> and P25, respectively. The fabricated ASC deliver a specific capacitance at 1&#xa0;A g⁻¹ was 210&#xa0;F g⁻¹, the cycling stability was 99.5% retention, the Coulombic efficiency was 103.2%, and the energy and power densities were 56.7 Wh kg⁻¹ and 777&#xa0;W kg⁻¹, respectively. These results demonstrate, in general, that green-fabricated TiO₂ nanoparticles have several potential uses in fields such as energy harvesting, storage, and environmental cleansing.</p>

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Green-synthesized multifunctional TiO2 nanoparticles for efficient dye-sensitized solar cells, photocatalysis, and asymmetric supercapacitors

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月20日

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  • A. Mohamed Musthafa

摘要

This study developed a green method for synthesizing titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanostructures by employing a water-based Rosmarinus officinalis leaf extract as an organic reducing and stabilizing agent. The structural, morphological and elemental composition was analysed through XRD, SEM and XPS. The green-synthesized TiO₂ demonstrated a 0.611 ± 0.05 V, open-circuit voltage (VOC), 16.9 ± 0.02 mAcm⁻² short-circuit current density (JSC), and 0.71 ± 0.02 fill factor (FF) when used as the photoanode material in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) coupled with a platinum counter electrode. The power conversion efficiency was 8.4 ± 0.05%. Compared to the benchmark P25 TiO₂ (η = 3.3 ± 0.01%, VOC = 0.611 ± 0.05 mV, JSC = 10.1 ± 0.02 mA cm⁻², FF = 0.55 ± 0.05), these values are significantly better. The methylene blue (MB) degradation was found to be 99% and 65% for TiO2 and P25, respectively. Similarly, the rate constant was found to be 0.0986 and 0.0254 min⁻¹, TiO2 and P25, respectively. The fabricated ASC deliver a specific capacitance at 1 A g⁻¹ was 210 F g⁻¹, the cycling stability was 99.5% retention, the Coulombic efficiency was 103.2%, and the energy and power densities were 56.7 Wh kg⁻¹ and 777 W kg⁻¹, respectively. These results demonstrate, in general, that green-fabricated TiO₂ nanoparticles have several potential uses in fields such as energy harvesting, storage, and environmental cleansing.