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<p>Gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) based on mixtures of chitosan and gelatin with acetic acid addition were formulated and studied for electrochemical applications. Chitosan and gelatin with ratio (1:1 v/v %) were used to make the GPEs. Glycerol as plasticizer and formaldehyde as crosslinker were also used in GPEs formulations (S1-S5). Ionic conductivity experiments showed that the electrolyte S4 with 0.75 µL of added acetic acid had the best ionic conductivity of 6.5 × 10⁻³ S·cm⁻¹ at room temperature and 9.8 × 10<sup>− 3</sup> S cm<sup>− 1</sup> at 60&#xa0;°C. Additionally, a linear conductivity as a function of temperature was seen for every electrolyte under investigation, which was in line with an Arrhenius-type ionic conduction mechanism. The complex dielectric permittivity was used to prove electrode polarization. From the FTIR spectra, we were able to see the changes of the electrolyte structure by considering all new bonds formed between the polymers, acetic acid, glycerol, and formaldehyde. The electrochemical stability of the samples was investigated by cyclic voltammetry, demonstrating that the S4 sample is suitable for use in electrochemical devices, such as battery-type or electrochromic devices. In the end, the LSV analysis revealed that the S4 degraded at ambient temperature and at an applied potential of 2.33&#xa0;V.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Conductivity study of gel electrolyte based on chitosan/gelatin gels with acetic acid addition

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月6日

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  • Karoline C. Pacheco,
  • Aline J.R.W.A. dos Santos,
  • Isadora A. Garcia,
  • Bruno G. da Silva,
  • Luana U. Krüger,
  • Agnieszka Pawlicka,
  • César O. Avellaneda

摘要

Gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) based on mixtures of chitosan and gelatin with acetic acid addition were formulated and studied for electrochemical applications. Chitosan and gelatin with ratio (1:1 v/v %) were used to make the GPEs. Glycerol as plasticizer and formaldehyde as crosslinker were also used in GPEs formulations (S1-S5). Ionic conductivity experiments showed that the electrolyte S4 with 0.75 µL of added acetic acid had the best ionic conductivity of 6.5 × 10⁻³ S·cm⁻¹ at room temperature and 9.8 × 10− 3 S cm− 1 at 60 °C. Additionally, a linear conductivity as a function of temperature was seen for every electrolyte under investigation, which was in line with an Arrhenius-type ionic conduction mechanism. The complex dielectric permittivity was used to prove electrode polarization. From the FTIR spectra, we were able to see the changes of the electrolyte structure by considering all new bonds formed between the polymers, acetic acid, glycerol, and formaldehyde. The electrochemical stability of the samples was investigated by cyclic voltammetry, demonstrating that the S4 sample is suitable for use in electrochemical devices, such as battery-type or electrochromic devices. In the end, the LSV analysis revealed that the S4 degraded at ambient temperature and at an applied potential of 2.33 V.

Graphical abstract