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<p>This study introduces an eco-friendly approach for producing zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) using water-based leaf extracts of <i>Oxalis stricta</i> leaves (OSL) and <i>betel</i> leaves (BL). To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to utilize <i>Oxalis stricta</i> leaf extract with zinc nitrate as a precursor for the synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles. The particles were analyzed by UV-Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The XRD patterns confirmed the formation of phase-pure ZnO NPs, which exhibited a hexagonal wurtzite structure with a crystallite size of 82.82&#xa0;nm and 26.44&#xa0;nm (Debye-Scherrer) for BL and OSL. The photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) and Rhodamine B (Rh B) was conducted under UV-Vis radiation using ZnO NPs as the catalyst, following a pseudo-first-order kinetic equation. After 210&#xa0;min, ZnO NPs prepared from BL and OSL achieved 86% and 79% degradation of MB, and 59% and 54% degradation of RhB, respectively. Antibacterial evaluation against Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus revealed moderate inhibition zones (~ 10&#xa0;mm), suggesting activity dependent on concentration and lower than the positive control. Overall, the green-synthesized ZnO NPs display promising photocatalytic performance with modest antibacterial activity.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Green-Synthesized ZnO nanoparticles from plant extracts: Characterization, photo catalytic activity, and antibacterial activity

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月22日

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  • Bandari Lavanya,
  • Y. Aparna,
  • Mallu Chenna Reddy,
  • M. Venkat Ramana

摘要

This study introduces an eco-friendly approach for producing zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) using water-based leaf extracts of Oxalis stricta leaves (OSL) and betel leaves (BL). To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to utilize Oxalis stricta leaf extract with zinc nitrate as a precursor for the synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles. The particles were analyzed by UV-Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The XRD patterns confirmed the formation of phase-pure ZnO NPs, which exhibited a hexagonal wurtzite structure with a crystallite size of 82.82 nm and 26.44 nm (Debye-Scherrer) for BL and OSL. The photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) and Rhodamine B (Rh B) was conducted under UV-Vis radiation using ZnO NPs as the catalyst, following a pseudo-first-order kinetic equation. After 210 min, ZnO NPs prepared from BL and OSL achieved 86% and 79% degradation of MB, and 59% and 54% degradation of RhB, respectively. Antibacterial evaluation against Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus revealed moderate inhibition zones (~ 10 mm), suggesting activity dependent on concentration and lower than the positive control. Overall, the green-synthesized ZnO NPs display promising photocatalytic performance with modest antibacterial activity.

Graphical abstract