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<p>The advancement of cost-effective, sustainable, and long-lasting electrode materials is crucial for fulfilling the high-performance requirements of next-generation energy storage systems. In the present work, manganese ferrite (MnFe₂O₄) nanoparticles and MnFe₂O₄/biochar (MnFe₂O₄/BC) nanocomposites were synthesized via a co-precipitation route followed by in-situ chemical modification. This study introduces a novel hybrid architecture combining MnFe₂O₄ with biochar, Although MnFe₂O₄ has been widely explored with synthetic carbon supports, its integration with biochar a renewable, porous, and functional carbon source has received limited attention in the context of supercapacitors. Detailed structural, morphological, magnetic, and electrochemical evaluations were conducted to determine the impact of biochar integration on capacitive properties. Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area and pore size distribution studies revealed that the MnFe₂O₄/BC composite possesses a notably larger surface area (103.7&#xa0;m² g⁻¹) along with a hierarchical mesoporous framework, which facilitates rapid ion transport. Vibrating sample magnetometry indicated soft ferromagnetic characteristics, with a reduction in saturation magnetization attributed to the non-magnetic carbonaceous network. Electrochemical investigations using cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge–discharge (GCD), and long-term cycling tests demonstrated the superior performance of the MnFe₂O₄/BC electrode. The composite exhibited a peak specific capacitance of 119.25&#xa0;F g⁻¹ at 5 mV s⁻¹ and maintained 86.3% capacitance retention after 1700 cycles, surpassing the 74.97% retention observed for pristine MnFe₂O₄. The enhanced performance is ascribed to the synergistic interplay between the conductive biochar matrix and MnFe₂O₄, which improves charge transport, minimizes internal resistance, and provides mechanical stability during redox cycling. Overall, the MnFe₂O₄/BC composite emerges as a robust and efficient electrode material for high-performance supercapacitor applications, offering significant novelty through its facile synthesis method and markedly improved electrochemical properties over previously reported MnFe₂O₄ systems.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Synergistic integration of MnFe2O4 and biochar for enhanced supercapacitive performance: structural, electrochemical, and stability insights

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月19日

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  • S. Kalaivani,
  • P. Marichamy,
  • A. Sakunthala,
  • Matbiangthew Shadap

摘要

The advancement of cost-effective, sustainable, and long-lasting electrode materials is crucial for fulfilling the high-performance requirements of next-generation energy storage systems. In the present work, manganese ferrite (MnFe₂O₄) nanoparticles and MnFe₂O₄/biochar (MnFe₂O₄/BC) nanocomposites were synthesized via a co-precipitation route followed by in-situ chemical modification. This study introduces a novel hybrid architecture combining MnFe₂O₄ with biochar, Although MnFe₂O₄ has been widely explored with synthetic carbon supports, its integration with biochar a renewable, porous, and functional carbon source has received limited attention in the context of supercapacitors. Detailed structural, morphological, magnetic, and electrochemical evaluations were conducted to determine the impact of biochar integration on capacitive properties. Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area and pore size distribution studies revealed that the MnFe₂O₄/BC composite possesses a notably larger surface area (103.7 m² g⁻¹) along with a hierarchical mesoporous framework, which facilitates rapid ion transport. Vibrating sample magnetometry indicated soft ferromagnetic characteristics, with a reduction in saturation magnetization attributed to the non-magnetic carbonaceous network. Electrochemical investigations using cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge–discharge (GCD), and long-term cycling tests demonstrated the superior performance of the MnFe₂O₄/BC electrode. The composite exhibited a peak specific capacitance of 119.25 F g⁻¹ at 5 mV s⁻¹ and maintained 86.3% capacitance retention after 1700 cycles, surpassing the 74.97% retention observed for pristine MnFe₂O₄. The enhanced performance is ascribed to the synergistic interplay between the conductive biochar matrix and MnFe₂O₄, which improves charge transport, minimizes internal resistance, and provides mechanical stability during redox cycling. Overall, the MnFe₂O₄/BC composite emerges as a robust and efficient electrode material for high-performance supercapacitor applications, offering significant novelty through its facile synthesis method and markedly improved electrochemical properties over previously reported MnFe₂O₄ systems.

Graphical abstract