<p>MnPO<sub>4</sub>∙H<sub>2</sub>O is an ideal precursor for the preparation of LiMnPO<sub>4</sub>. However, the instability of Mn<sup>3+</sup> in an aqueous solution necessitates the implementation of the existing preparation methods, which are carried out in ethanol and produce toxic gases such as NO and NO<sub>2</sub>. In this work, a radical-oxidation coupled phosphate stabilization strategy is proposed for synthesizing MnPO<sub>4</sub>∙H<sub>2</sub>O in an aqueous solution. The strategy involves the initial oxidation of Mn<sup>2+</sup> to Mn<sup>3+</sup> by sulfate radicals, which are produced through the thermal activation of Na<sub>2</sub>S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>8</sub>. Subsequently, Mn<sup>3+</sup> is stabilized by H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>, leading to the formation of MnPO<sub>4</sub>∙H<sub>2</sub>O. By implementing this strategy, the mesoporous MnPO<sub>4</sub>∙H<sub>2</sub>O precursor can be readily obtained through a reaction at 90&#xa0;°C for 5&#xa0;h. Subsequently, the prepared LiMnPO<sub>4</sub>/C inherits the mesoporous structure of the MnPO<sub>4</sub>∙H<sub>2</sub>O precursor, exhibiting excellent electrochemical performance. Specifically, the mesoporous LiMnPO<sub>4</sub>/C delivers an initial capacity of 115.8 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> with a capacity retention of 83.1% after 100 cycles at 10&#xa0;C. The enhanced performance is mainly attributed to the mesoporous structure, which facilitates electrolyte penetration, reduces interfacial charge transfer impedance, and accelerates Li<sup>+</sup> diffusion. The environmentally benign and scalable strategy presented here opens a new approach to the synthesis of high-performance LiMnPO<sub>4</sub>/C.</p>

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Radical-oxidation coupled phosphate stabilization strategy: an aqueous and scalable route to mesoporous MnPO4∙H2O precursor for high-performance LiMnPO4 cathodes

  • Kanghui Cai,
  • Binsheng Hong,
  • Xueling Hu,
  • Zhenkun Li,
  • Jing Su,
  • Xiaoyan Lv,
  • Yanxuan Wen

摘要

MnPO4∙H2O is an ideal precursor for the preparation of LiMnPO4. However, the instability of Mn3+ in an aqueous solution necessitates the implementation of the existing preparation methods, which are carried out in ethanol and produce toxic gases such as NO and NO2. In this work, a radical-oxidation coupled phosphate stabilization strategy is proposed for synthesizing MnPO4∙H2O in an aqueous solution. The strategy involves the initial oxidation of Mn2+ to Mn3+ by sulfate radicals, which are produced through the thermal activation of Na2S2O8. Subsequently, Mn3+ is stabilized by H3PO4, leading to the formation of MnPO4∙H2O. By implementing this strategy, the mesoporous MnPO4∙H2O precursor can be readily obtained through a reaction at 90 °C for 5 h. Subsequently, the prepared LiMnPO4/C inherits the mesoporous structure of the MnPO4∙H2O precursor, exhibiting excellent electrochemical performance. Specifically, the mesoporous LiMnPO4/C delivers an initial capacity of 115.8 mAh g−1 with a capacity retention of 83.1% after 100 cycles at 10 C. The enhanced performance is mainly attributed to the mesoporous structure, which facilitates electrolyte penetration, reduces interfacial charge transfer impedance, and accelerates Li+ diffusion. The environmentally benign and scalable strategy presented here opens a new approach to the synthesis of high-performance LiMnPO4/C.