<p>Lithium-iron phosphate batteries play a core role in electric vehicles, providing power energy, promoting industrial development, and protecting the environment. To analyze the effect of temperature on the charge-discharge cycle performance of lithium-iron phosphate batteries for electric vehicles, this study selects experimental materials and equipment and, after selecting performance evaluation indicators, explains the testing methods for different indicators. Subsequently, a charging and discharging experimental platform is built, and the charging and discharging strategies of the battery at different temperatures are designed. The results demonstrated that as the amount of charge and discharge cycles increased, the battery capacity retention rates corresponding to −35 ℃, −25 ℃, and 45 ℃ were gradually decreasing, while the battery capacity retention rate remained basically unchanged at room temperature of 25 ℃. In the second cycle, the discharge energy densities corresponding to the four temperatures were 121.17 Wh/kg, 124.68 Wh/kg, 127.58 Wh/kg, and 126.13 Wh/kg, and the corresponding coulombic efficiency decreases were 4.8%, 4.2%, 0.12%, and 2.3%. As the temperature increased, the battery capacity retention rate, discharge energy density, and coulombic efficiency all increased first and then decreased. The research results can provide information support on temperature effects for the improvement of electric vehicle performance, promoting the enhancement of electric vehicle range.</p>