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<p>We report on the environmentally friendly synthesis of zinc-nickel oxide nanocomposite (ZnO-NiO NC) utilizing <i>Azadirachta indica</i> (neem) leaf extract. The average size of the crystallites for ZnO-NiO NC was 30&#xa0;nm. The obtained ZnO-NiO NC have been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), TEM/HRTEM (transmission electron microscopy), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDAX) techniques. PXRD analysis confirms the presence of two distinct phases in the ZnO-NiO NC, ZnO with a hexagonal wurtzite structure and NiO with a face-centred cubic (FCC) structure. UV-diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-DRS) determined the bandgap energy of ZnO-NiO NC to be 3.32&#xa0;eV. When exposed to UV radiation (from 0 to 120&#xa0;min), the degradation tests were conducted for two dyes, Fast Orange (FO) and Congo Red (CR). The decolorization of FO and CR dye using ZnO-NiO NC was 68 and 79% respectively. ZnO-NiO NC demonstrated the highest photocatalytic activity for Congo Red (CR). Excellent redox potential output was determined by cyclic voltammetry (CV) in an electrochemical evaluation of the produced material using graphite electrode paste in 1&#xa0;M KOH electrolyte. After computation, it was discovered that the specific capacitance values were 120 Fg<sup>−1</sup> at a scan rate of 10 mVs<sup>−1</sup>. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) research has demonstrated that the decreased charge transfer resistance of ZnO-NiO NC is responsible for their improved behaviour. When lead was used as an analyte, the green synthesis of ZnO-NiO NC demonstrated improved sensitivity in cyclic voltammetry studies at various concentrations. The ZnO-NiO phase angle was found to be − 47°, similar to how a perfect capacitor would behave (− 90°). ZnO-NiO NC thus have potential uses in electrochemical sensor technologies. The results also show that ZnO-NiO NC would be an excellent alternative photocatalyst for the treatment of wastewater and sensor applications.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Green synthesis of ZnO-NiO nanocomposite via neem leaf extract for electrochemical sensing and photocatalytic applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月5日

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  • Ch Venkata Krishnaiah,
  • Behara Dilip Kumar

摘要

We report on the environmentally friendly synthesis of zinc-nickel oxide nanocomposite (ZnO-NiO NC) utilizing Azadirachta indica (neem) leaf extract. The average size of the crystallites for ZnO-NiO NC was 30 nm. The obtained ZnO-NiO NC have been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), TEM/HRTEM (transmission electron microscopy), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDAX) techniques. PXRD analysis confirms the presence of two distinct phases in the ZnO-NiO NC, ZnO with a hexagonal wurtzite structure and NiO with a face-centred cubic (FCC) structure. UV-diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-DRS) determined the bandgap energy of ZnO-NiO NC to be 3.32 eV. When exposed to UV radiation (from 0 to 120 min), the degradation tests were conducted for two dyes, Fast Orange (FO) and Congo Red (CR). The decolorization of FO and CR dye using ZnO-NiO NC was 68 and 79% respectively. ZnO-NiO NC demonstrated the highest photocatalytic activity for Congo Red (CR). Excellent redox potential output was determined by cyclic voltammetry (CV) in an electrochemical evaluation of the produced material using graphite electrode paste in 1 M KOH electrolyte. After computation, it was discovered that the specific capacitance values were 120 Fg−1 at a scan rate of 10 mVs−1. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) research has demonstrated that the decreased charge transfer resistance of ZnO-NiO NC is responsible for their improved behaviour. When lead was used as an analyte, the green synthesis of ZnO-NiO NC demonstrated improved sensitivity in cyclic voltammetry studies at various concentrations. The ZnO-NiO phase angle was found to be − 47°, similar to how a perfect capacitor would behave (− 90°). ZnO-NiO NC thus have potential uses in electrochemical sensor technologies. The results also show that ZnO-NiO NC would be an excellent alternative photocatalyst for the treatment of wastewater and sensor applications.

Graphical Abstract