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<p>Pristine copper oxide (CuO) has attracted considerable attention for supercapacitor applications due to its synergistic properties, including enhanced electrical conductivity and superior electrochemical performance. In this study, pure CuO nanomaterial was synthesized using a simple and cost-effective chemical precipitation method. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) revealed a distinctive flake-like morphology, while X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the crystalline structure of CuO material. Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis, confirmed the formation of a mesopores having 2.01&#xa0;nm average pore diameter. Electrochemical evaluations demonstrated a specific capacitance of 52 Fg<sup>−1</sup> in 6&#xa0;M NaOH electrolyte, which significantly increased to 3407 Fg<sup>−1</sup> in a 0.35&#xa0;M K<sub>3</sub>[Fe(CN)<sub>6</sub>] in 6&#xa0;M KOH redox-additive electrolyte, highlighting the material’s promising potential for energy storage applications. To further investigate the charge storage mechanism, Dunn’s and Trasatti’s methods were employed, which revealed insights into the pseudocapacitive behaviour and the contributions of diffusion-controlled and capacitive processes. In NaOH electrolyte, the surface-controlled (capacitive) contribution of the electrode increased from 34.2% at a scan rate of 1 mVs<sup>−1</sup> to 62.2% at 10 mVs<sup>−1</sup>, indicating enhanced capacitive performance at higher scan rates. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy analysis in the redox-additive electrolyte revealed a small high-frequency semicircle and a nearly vertical low-frequency tail in the Nyquist plot, indicating low internal resistance and an efficient ion transport. The low solution (R<sub>s</sub> = 0.39 Ω) and charge-transfer resistances (R<sub>ct</sub> = 1.08 Ω) reflecting fast interfacial kinetics and good electrical conductivity. Long-term cycling tests demonstrated excellent durability, with the specific capacitance retaining ~ 80.6% of its initial value after 6,000 cycles. These findings collectively demonstrate that the CuO electrode possesses low impedance, high specific capacitance, and outstanding cycling stability, making it a highly promising material for high-performance supercapacitor applications.</p>

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Electrochemical performance of copper-oxide flakes as an electrode material for supercapacitor applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月31日

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  • Raju Kumar,
  • Prakash Chand,
  • Swati Sharma,
  • Priyanka Kadyan

摘要

Pristine copper oxide (CuO) has attracted considerable attention for supercapacitor applications due to its synergistic properties, including enhanced electrical conductivity and superior electrochemical performance. In this study, pure CuO nanomaterial was synthesized using a simple and cost-effective chemical precipitation method. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) revealed a distinctive flake-like morphology, while X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the crystalline structure of CuO material. Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis, confirmed the formation of a mesopores having 2.01 nm average pore diameter. Electrochemical evaluations demonstrated a specific capacitance of 52 Fg−1 in 6 M NaOH electrolyte, which significantly increased to 3407 Fg−1 in a 0.35 M K3[Fe(CN)6] in 6 M KOH redox-additive electrolyte, highlighting the material’s promising potential for energy storage applications. To further investigate the charge storage mechanism, Dunn’s and Trasatti’s methods were employed, which revealed insights into the pseudocapacitive behaviour and the contributions of diffusion-controlled and capacitive processes. In NaOH electrolyte, the surface-controlled (capacitive) contribution of the electrode increased from 34.2% at a scan rate of 1 mVs−1 to 62.2% at 10 mVs−1, indicating enhanced capacitive performance at higher scan rates. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy analysis in the redox-additive electrolyte revealed a small high-frequency semicircle and a nearly vertical low-frequency tail in the Nyquist plot, indicating low internal resistance and an efficient ion transport. The low solution (Rs = 0.39 Ω) and charge-transfer resistances (Rct = 1.08 Ω) reflecting fast interfacial kinetics and good electrical conductivity. Long-term cycling tests demonstrated excellent durability, with the specific capacitance retaining ~ 80.6% of its initial value after 6,000 cycles. These findings collectively demonstrate that the CuO electrode possesses low impedance, high specific capacitance, and outstanding cycling stability, making it a highly promising material for high-performance supercapacitor applications.