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<p>Nanostructured bixbyite Gadolinium oxide (Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) has emerged as a promising electrode material for supercapacitor applications due to its favorable electrochemical and thermal properties. However, challenges such as synthesis complexity, particle aggregation, and limited surface functionality hinder its full potential. In this study, Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanostructures were synthesized using three different methods: co-precipitation (Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-CP), microwave-assisted (Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-MW), and hydrothermal (Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-HT) techniques. Among them, the hydrothermal method yielded uniform spherical Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> particles with superior thermal stability (99.43&#xa0;%), specific capacitance (158 F/g), high rate capability, and long cycling stability. Furthermore, a hybrid supercapacitor device (Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-HT//AC) was fabricated using Gd<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-HT as the positive electrode and activated carbon as the negative electrode in 2&#xa0;M KOH electrolyte. The device demonstrated a high specific energy of 30.31 Wh/kg, power density of 374.96 W/kg, and excellent cycling stability with 81.05&#xa0;% capacitance retention and 91.78&#xa0;% coulombic efficiency after 15,000 cycles.</p>

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Comparative study of nanostructured bixbyite Gd2O3 synthesized by different methods for high-performance supercapacitor applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月11日

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  • V. Balaji,
  • R. R. Sasi Karan,
  • K. Muhil Eswari,
  • D. K. Ponelakkia,
  • R. Yuvakkumar,
  • Dhayalan Velauthapillai,
  • G. Ravi

摘要

Nanostructured bixbyite Gadolinium oxide (Gd2O3) has emerged as a promising electrode material for supercapacitor applications due to its favorable electrochemical and thermal properties. However, challenges such as synthesis complexity, particle aggregation, and limited surface functionality hinder its full potential. In this study, Gd2O3 nanostructures were synthesized using three different methods: co-precipitation (Gd2O3-CP), microwave-assisted (Gd2O3-MW), and hydrothermal (Gd2O3-HT) techniques. Among them, the hydrothermal method yielded uniform spherical Gd2O3 particles with superior thermal stability (99.43 %), specific capacitance (158 F/g), high rate capability, and long cycling stability. Furthermore, a hybrid supercapacitor device (Gd2O3-HT//AC) was fabricated using Gd2O3-HT as the positive electrode and activated carbon as the negative electrode in 2 M KOH electrolyte. The device demonstrated a high specific energy of 30.31 Wh/kg, power density of 374.96 W/kg, and excellent cycling stability with 81.05 % capacitance retention and 91.78 % coulombic efficiency after 15,000 cycles.