<p>This study examines how lignin has been used in supercapacitor and battery applications. The review highlights the synthesifs of lignin and lignin-based composite materials, their structural properties and electrochemical performances, and recent developments in supercapacitor and battery applications. The review initially reviews the fundamentals of supercapacitors and outlines the properties of lignin while providing a detailed review of their applications in various energy storage systems. The focus is on lignin-derived porous structures, conductive polymer composites, and hybrid materials, particularly in energy storage and supercapacitors. The literature review concludes that lignin-based materials offer significant advantages such as high charge storage capacity, cost-effectiveness, and environmental sustainability. Although there are few studies on lignin, this study will contribute to the field by consolidating the findings, filling the knowledge gaps, and guiding future research to accelerate the practical use of lignin in energy storage technologies.</p>