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<p>In this work, biomass-derived activated carbon has been prepared as electrode material for supercapacitors (SCs), and an effective strategy was explored to enhance the capacitive performance through the in situ polymerization of polypyrrole composites. The polypyrrole/<i>Sapindus trifoliatus</i>-derived activated carbon (PP@STAC) composites were thoroughly characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis revealed that the PP@STAC-15 composite exhibited a surface area of 56 m<sup>2</sup>&#xa0;g<sup>−1</sup> and a pore volume of 0.243 cm<sup>3</sup>&#xa0;g<sup>−1</sup>. Electrochemical evaluation showed the PP@STAC-15 electrode achieved a specific capacitance (Cs) of 224 F g<sup>−1</sup> at 0.5 A g<sup>−1</sup> and retained 16 F g<sup>−1</sup> at 20 A g<sup>−1</sup>, indicating excellent rate performance. Furthermore, the PP@STAC-15 electrode demonstrated excellent cyclability, with 94.23% capacitance retention and a coulombic efficiency of approximately 98% after 5000 GCD cycles, highlighting its remarkable electrochemical stability and potential for SC applications.</p> Graphical abstract <p></p>

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Enhanced capacitive performances of polypyrrole with integration of biomass derived activated carbon for supercapacitors

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月25日

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  • Murugan Vinayagam,
  • Rajendran Suresh Babu,
  • Arumugam Sivasamy,
  • A. L. F. de Barros

摘要

In this work, biomass-derived activated carbon has been prepared as electrode material for supercapacitors (SCs), and an effective strategy was explored to enhance the capacitive performance through the in situ polymerization of polypyrrole composites. The polypyrrole/Sapindus trifoliatus-derived activated carbon (PP@STAC) composites were thoroughly characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis revealed that the PP@STAC-15 composite exhibited a surface area of 56 m2 g−1 and a pore volume of 0.243 cm3 g−1. Electrochemical evaluation showed the PP@STAC-15 electrode achieved a specific capacitance (Cs) of 224 F g−1 at 0.5 A g−1 and retained 16 F g−1 at 20 A g−1, indicating excellent rate performance. Furthermore, the PP@STAC-15 electrode demonstrated excellent cyclability, with 94.23% capacitance retention and a coulombic efficiency of approximately 98% after 5000 GCD cycles, highlighting its remarkable electrochemical stability and potential for SC applications.

Graphical abstract