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<p>The demand for advanced materials with modified properties for applications in optoelectronics and catalysis has driven the need for novel approaches to modify material characteristics. In this study, we investigated the effects of lanthanum substitution on the structural, magnetic, and optical properties of Ba<sub>0.7</sub>Co<sub>0.3</sub>Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nano spinels synthesized using the sol–gel auto-combustion method. We synthesized these materials and employed characterization techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and UV–vis spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction revealed an increase in lattice constant from 3.91&#xa0;Å to 3.94&#xa0;Å due to La substitution, with a corresponding increase in unit cell volume and a decrease in crystallite size from 22.78&#xa0;nm to 18.28&#xa0;nm. Magnetic measurements showed a significant increase in coercivity (471.25 G to 1122.41 G) and a reduction in saturation magnetization (1.106&#xa0;emu/g to 0.746&#xa0;emu/g), indicating the impact of La<sup>3+</sup> on magnetic properties. UV–vis spectroscopy demonstrated a bandgap increase from 1.20&#xa0;eV to 1.24&#xa0;eV, suggesting improved optical characteristics suitable for photo-catalysis water splitting, optoelectronics, and non-linear optical filter devices.</p>

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Effects of lanthanum substitution on structural, magnetic, and optical characteristics of Ba0.7Co0.3LaxFe2-xO4 nano spinels

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年3月14日

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  • Muhammad Asif,
  • Rehan Saeed,
  • M. A. K. Yousaf Shah,
  • Usman Ahmad,
  • Muhammad Usama,
  • Muhammad Abdullah Amin,
  • Bilal Tajdin

摘要

The demand for advanced materials with modified properties for applications in optoelectronics and catalysis has driven the need for novel approaches to modify material characteristics. In this study, we investigated the effects of lanthanum substitution on the structural, magnetic, and optical properties of Ba0.7Co0.3Fe2O4 nano spinels synthesized using the sol–gel auto-combustion method. We synthesized these materials and employed characterization techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and UV–vis spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction revealed an increase in lattice constant from 3.91 Å to 3.94 Å due to La substitution, with a corresponding increase in unit cell volume and a decrease in crystallite size from 22.78 nm to 18.28 nm. Magnetic measurements showed a significant increase in coercivity (471.25 G to 1122.41 G) and a reduction in saturation magnetization (1.106 emu/g to 0.746 emu/g), indicating the impact of La3+ on magnetic properties. UV–vis spectroscopy demonstrated a bandgap increase from 1.20 eV to 1.24 eV, suggesting improved optical characteristics suitable for photo-catalysis water splitting, optoelectronics, and non-linear optical filter devices.