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<p>Renewable energy resources play a valuable role in meeting the global increase in energy demand, driving the need for high-efficiency, stable photoanode materials in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). In this study, TiO<sub>2</sub>/CoS hybrid composites with varying CoS weight percentages (10%, 15%, 20%, 25%) were synthesized via a simple ultrasonication-assisted hydrothermal process to enhance DSSC performance. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), N<sub>2</sub> adsorption–desorption, and ultra-violet (UV)-Vis techniques were utilized to analyze the surface morphology, crystal structure, surface area, and absorbance spectra of the TiO<sub>2</sub>/CoS composites, respectively. The characterization results confirmed the successful synthesis of TiO<sub>2</sub>/CoS hybrid composites, with XRD and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses verifying the incorporation of CoS into the TiO<sub>2</sub> matrix. Additionally, N<sub>2</sub> adsorption–desorption isotherms revealed that the TiO<sub>2</sub>/CoS 20 composite exhibited the highest surface area, pore size, and pore volume, which significantly enhances its dye adsorption capability and electrocatalytic performance. The current density–voltage (J-V) curve obtained under solar simulation revealed a conversion efficiency of 6.95% for the TiO<sub>2</sub>/CoS 20 hybrid photoanode, marking a 192% increase compared to the pristine TiO<sub>2</sub> photoanode. This significant improvement is attributed to its lower charge transfer resistance of 5.3 Ω and enhanced photocurrent density of 17.20&#xa0;mA/cm<sup>2</sup>, highlighting its superior electrochemical performance in DSSCs. The TiO<sub>2</sub>/CoS 20 hybrid composite demonstrated its effectiveness as a photoanode for DSSCs, significantly enhancing both photoconversion efficiency and electron transport properties.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Optimizing dye-sensitized solar cells with a TiO2/CoS hybrid photoanode for enhanced solar energy conversion

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月10日

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  • K. K. Saravanan,
  • D. Venkatesan,
  • R. Regan,
  • G. Hariharan

摘要

Renewable energy resources play a valuable role in meeting the global increase in energy demand, driving the need for high-efficiency, stable photoanode materials in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). In this study, TiO2/CoS hybrid composites with varying CoS weight percentages (10%, 15%, 20%, 25%) were synthesized via a simple ultrasonication-assisted hydrothermal process to enhance DSSC performance. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption–desorption, and ultra-violet (UV)-Vis techniques were utilized to analyze the surface morphology, crystal structure, surface area, and absorbance spectra of the TiO2/CoS composites, respectively. The characterization results confirmed the successful synthesis of TiO2/CoS hybrid composites, with XRD and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses verifying the incorporation of CoS into the TiO2 matrix. Additionally, N2 adsorption–desorption isotherms revealed that the TiO2/CoS 20 composite exhibited the highest surface area, pore size, and pore volume, which significantly enhances its dye adsorption capability and electrocatalytic performance. The current density–voltage (J-V) curve obtained under solar simulation revealed a conversion efficiency of 6.95% for the TiO2/CoS 20 hybrid photoanode, marking a 192% increase compared to the pristine TiO2 photoanode. This significant improvement is attributed to its lower charge transfer resistance of 5.3 Ω and enhanced photocurrent density of 17.20 mA/cm2, highlighting its superior electrochemical performance in DSSCs. The TiO2/CoS 20 hybrid composite demonstrated its effectiveness as a photoanode for DSSCs, significantly enhancing both photoconversion efficiency and electron transport properties.

Graphical Abstract