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<p>Using a mixed solution of (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>TiF<sub>6</sub> and H<sub>3</sub>BO<sub>3</sub>, this study performed liquid phase deposition (LPD) to deposit TiO<sub>2</sub> on graphite felt (GF) for application in the negative electrode of a vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB). The results revealed that LPD-TiO<sub>2</sub> uniformly coated GF, effectively transforming the original hydrophobic nature of GF into a superhydrophilic nature. After annealing at 500 ℃ in an atmospheric environment, the oxygen vacancies in the TiO<sub>2</sub> thin film were optimized, considerably enhancing its mass transfer efficiency and electrochemical activity. The VRFB comprising the LPD-TiO<sub>2</sub>/GF negative electrode achieved a coulombic efficiency, voltage efficiency, and energy efficiency of 96.2%, 71.8%, and 69.3%, respectively, at 125&#xa0;mA/cm<sup>2</sup>, which were significantly superior to the corresponding efficiencies of 95.7%, 60.3%, and 57.7%, respectively, achieved by the VRFB with the acid cleaned GF. These findings demonstrate that the proposed technology has great potential for application in VRFBs.</p>

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Titanium oxide covers graphite felt as negative electrode for vanadium redox flow battery by liquid phase deposition

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月3日

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  • Chien-Sheng Huang,
  • Jui-Yu Wang,
  • Jung-Jie Huang

摘要

Using a mixed solution of (NH4)2TiF6 and H3BO3, this study performed liquid phase deposition (LPD) to deposit TiO2 on graphite felt (GF) for application in the negative electrode of a vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB). The results revealed that LPD-TiO2 uniformly coated GF, effectively transforming the original hydrophobic nature of GF into a superhydrophilic nature. After annealing at 500 ℃ in an atmospheric environment, the oxygen vacancies in the TiO2 thin film were optimized, considerably enhancing its mass transfer efficiency and electrochemical activity. The VRFB comprising the LPD-TiO2/GF negative electrode achieved a coulombic efficiency, voltage efficiency, and energy efficiency of 96.2%, 71.8%, and 69.3%, respectively, at 125 mA/cm2, which were significantly superior to the corresponding efficiencies of 95.7%, 60.3%, and 57.7%, respectively, achieved by the VRFB with the acid cleaned GF. These findings demonstrate that the proposed technology has great potential for application in VRFBs.