<p>Zn-air batteries (ZABs) offer significant potential for energy storage and conversion, driven by their high energy density and environmental sustainability. However, the performance of these batteries is heavily influenced by the efficiency of electrocatalysts used in the oxygen reduction and evolution reactions (ORR and OER). This review focuses on the innovative engineering of electrospun nanofiber electrocatalysts, highlighting their unique properties, such as high surface area, tunable morphology, and enhanced conductivity. We systematically discuss the main components and working mechanisms of ZABs, and thus manifest the significance of electrospun nanofibers as electrocatalysts for air electrode. Additionally, we examine recent advancements in optimizing the electrospinning process and post-treatment methods to improve performance metrics in ZABs. By integrating insights from recent studies, this review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of electrospun nanofiber electrocatalysts and propose future directions for research, addressing the challenges and opportunities in the development of efficient, durable electrocatalysts for sustainable energy applications.</p>