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<p>The cheap and massive residual carbon (RC) from coal gasification slags (CGSs) has been transformed into the carbon electrode material in supercapacitors through one-step low-temperature KOH-K<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> molten salt synergistic activation. Under the conditions of RC to the molten salt mass ratio of 1:2, an activation temperature of 400&#xa0;°C, a series of activated products (ARCX) have been prepared by tuning the activation time (<i>X</i> = 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5&#xa0;h). The electrochemical measurement results showed that the ARC3 exhibited the most excellent performance among the activated samples. At a current density of 0.2 A/g, the specific capacitance of ARC3 reached 249.5 F/g. By using the ARC3 as electrode active materials to assemble a symmetrical supercapacitor (ARC3//ARC3), its energy density was 7.3 Wh/kg at a power density of 250 W/kg, with the capacitance retention rate of ARC3//ARC3 remaining at 99% even after 10,000 charge–discharge cycles. For the ARC3, the unique structures formed from the coordinated pore-forming effects of KOH-K<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> eutectic salt induced the excellent performance, including high specific surface areas (715.08m<sup>2</sup>/g), appropriate hierarchical pore structure, and abundant surface oxygen-containing functional groups on the carbon surfaces. This work provides a completely new strategy to construct carbon electrode materials using CGSs or the other carbonate solid wastes as raw materials.</p>

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One-step and low-temperature KOH-K2CO3 synergistic activation of residual carbon from coal gasification slag for supercapacitor electrode material

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月5日

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  • Rui Liu,
  • Jianan Wen,
  • Jinling Song,
  • Guoxiang Xin,
  • Jinxiao Bao,
  • Jianmin Gao,
  • Yao Wang

摘要

The cheap and massive residual carbon (RC) from coal gasification slags (CGSs) has been transformed into the carbon electrode material in supercapacitors through one-step low-temperature KOH-K2CO3 molten salt synergistic activation. Under the conditions of RC to the molten salt mass ratio of 1:2, an activation temperature of 400 °C, a series of activated products (ARCX) have been prepared by tuning the activation time (X = 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 h). The electrochemical measurement results showed that the ARC3 exhibited the most excellent performance among the activated samples. At a current density of 0.2 A/g, the specific capacitance of ARC3 reached 249.5 F/g. By using the ARC3 as electrode active materials to assemble a symmetrical supercapacitor (ARC3//ARC3), its energy density was 7.3 Wh/kg at a power density of 250 W/kg, with the capacitance retention rate of ARC3//ARC3 remaining at 99% even after 10,000 charge–discharge cycles. For the ARC3, the unique structures formed from the coordinated pore-forming effects of KOH-K2CO3 eutectic salt induced the excellent performance, including high specific surface areas (715.08m2/g), appropriate hierarchical pore structure, and abundant surface oxygen-containing functional groups on the carbon surfaces. This work provides a completely new strategy to construct carbon electrode materials using CGSs or the other carbonate solid wastes as raw materials.