In the quest for advanced energy storage systems, vanadium pentoxide ( \({V}_{2}{O}_{5}\) ) emerges as a promising electrode material for supercapacitors due to its exceptional charge storage capabilities, high energy density, and stability. This review explores the synthesis and application of \({V}_{2}{O}_{5}\) in supercapacitors, emphasizing its composite formation with various materials to enhance electrochemical performance. The charge storage mechanism of \({V}_{2}{O}_{5}\) is elucidated, highlighting the role of its unique layered structure and ion intercalation. Furthermore, the review delves into the latest advancements and emerging opportunities in the field, including the development of novel composite materials and the optimization of fabrication techniques. The integration of \({V}_{2}{O}_{5}\) with conductive polymers, carbon nanotubes, metal oxides, graphene, and core–shell compounds are scrutinized to present a comprehensive overview of current trends and future directions for \({V}_{2}{O}_{5}\) -based supercapacitors.
