Review—Preparation and modification of all-vanadium redox flow battery electrolyte for green development

As a large-scale energy storage battery, the all-vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) holds great significance for green energy storage. The electrolyte, a crucial component utilized in VRFB, has been a research hotspot due to its low-cost preparation technology and performance optimization methods. This work provides a comprehensive review of VRFB principles and structure, V₂O₅ price speculation, and VRFB electrolyte preparation and modification. The effects of three types of additives on positive and negative vanadium electrolytes are particularly emphasized. Furthermore, a preliminary analysis of the environmental and recyclability impacts of vanadium electrolyte preparation methods and additive modifications is presented. Lastly, future research directions for vanadium electrolyte preparation technology and additives to enhance performance are anticipated.