Optimization of urea-1.3AlCl₃ deep eutectic solvent electrolyte performance by AlF₃ addition

This study successfully synthesized urea-1.3AlCl₃ deep eutectic solvent by mixing and stirring urea and aluminum chloride in an inert gas-filled glove box at 25 ℃. By adding different concentrations of AlF₃, it was found that the viscosity of the urea-1.3AlCl₃ deep eutectic solvent continuously increased, resulting in the lowest resistance of 187.06 Ω and conductivity of 2.197 mS/cm. Additionally, this study used the obtained deep eutectic solvent (urea-1.3AlCl₃ with AlF₃) as a non-aqueous electrolyte for aluminum-air batteries and investigated its electrochemical and discharge characteristics. The data showed an improvement in output power. Comparing the discharge performance of different concentration electrolytes at a temperature of 323.15 K, it was found that the electrolyte containing 0.3 mol/L AlF₃/urea-1.3AlCl₃ had the highest discharge voltage of 1.29.