Carbon nanofiber-wrapped core–shell MoO₃ nanorod composite material for lithium-ion battery anodes

In our pursuit of high-performance lithium-ion battery (LIB) anodes, we developed a hybrid electrospun membrane consisting of MoO₃ nanorods (MoO₃ NRs) integrated with carbon nanofibers (CNFs), termed MoO₃@CNFs. Serving as an anode, this membrane boasts several advantages. Firstly, it capitalizes on the novel structure of MoO₃@CNFs, enabling rapid ion/electron transport pathways. Secondly, due to the carbon skeleton, MoO₃ is protected from coming into direct contact with the electrolyte. Thirdly, the consistent internal structure of MoO₃@CNFs enhances conductivity. Experimental findings reveal that the anode with a relatively low MoO₃ content, specifically 33%MoO₃@CNFs (comprising 33%MoO₃ NRs), achieves a reversible specific capacity of 657 mAh g⁻¹ after 140 cycles at a low current density of 0.2 A g⁻¹, demonstrating superior high-rate electrochemical kinetics and extended cycling life. Kinetic analysis indicates contributions from surface capacitance processes and diffusion-controlled insertion. Our approach not only facilitates the acquisition of various one-dimensional (1D) nanostructure composites but also propels novel research in ultrafast rechargeable lithium-ion battery electrode materials.