Hydrothermal synthesis of γ-Bi₂MoO₆ nanostructures: efficient material for photocatalytic dye degradation and impedance studies

The goal of this research is to synthesize bismuth molybdate (γ-Bi₂MoO₆) nanoparticles via hydrothermal approach which involved the use of bismuth nitrate and ammonium molybdate as a precursor. The resultant product was undergoing spectroscopic characterization techniques to understand the properties of γ-Bi₂MoO₆ NPs. Additionally, the absorbance and band gap of the bismuth molybdate nanoparticles were measured using a UV–visible spectrophotometer. According to the results obtained by the band gap, the calculation is around 2.4 eV. The photocatalytic efficacy was investigated using methylene blue (MB) dye by utilizing a visible light source for 2 h. The formation of hydroxyl radicals is the responsible species for degradation confirmed by the scavenger analysis. The reusability and photostability were determined by recycling studies. According to the degradation efficiency calculation, about 93.4% MB dye was effectively degraded by the synthesized bismuth molybdate. Furthermore, the electrochemical impedance analysis revealed the capacitance of the bismuth-modified electrode.