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<p>The nonlinear dynamics of neuronal firing play a key role in understanding modulation mechanisms in excitable systems. In this work, a dual-state generic memristor is proposed, in which two internal variables represent antagonistic facilitation-like and inhibition-like drives within a phenomenological framework. Coupling this device with the Hindmarsh–Rose neuron yields a four-dimensional DSGM–HR system with bidirectional feedback. Equilibrium analysis, bifurcation diagrams, and Lyapunov exponents reveal transitions among periodic and chaotic firing regimes, as well as multistability under varying coupling strength and external input. A DSP implementation further confirms hardware reproducibility. Pain-related terminology is adopted only as a conceptual narrative to interpret antagonistic modulation, rather than to quantify subjective pain intensity.</p>

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A dual-state generic memristor–neuron coupled system for pain modulation and chaotic dynamics research

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月9日

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  • Yang Xu,
  • Xiaozhou He,
  • Xianying Xu,
  • Santo Banerjee,
  • Jun Mou

摘要

The nonlinear dynamics of neuronal firing play a key role in understanding modulation mechanisms in excitable systems. In this work, a dual-state generic memristor is proposed, in which two internal variables represent antagonistic facilitation-like and inhibition-like drives within a phenomenological framework. Coupling this device with the Hindmarsh–Rose neuron yields a four-dimensional DSGM–HR system with bidirectional feedback. Equilibrium analysis, bifurcation diagrams, and Lyapunov exponents reveal transitions among periodic and chaotic firing regimes, as well as multistability under varying coupling strength and external input. A DSP implementation further confirms hardware reproducibility. Pain-related terminology is adopted only as a conceptual narrative to interpret antagonistic modulation, rather than to quantify subjective pain intensity.